Diabetic retinopathy: a nonresolving inflammation / 中华实验眼科杂志

ABSTRACT

Nonresolving inflammation plays an important role in the onset and development of various diseases.Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a low-degree chronic inflammatory process,and actually it would be a nonresolving inflammatory disease.Failure of neutrophils apoptosis in time,converting failure of macrophages from a pro-inflammatory to anti-inflammatory phenotype,dysfunction of pericytes and poor activation of Thl cells are all contributed to inflammatory prolong.Meanwhile the low concentration of anti-inflammatory soluble factors such as interleukin-10 (IL-10),transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β),nitric oxide (NO),epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs)and lipoxins in serum or ocular specimen are also benefit to failure of inflammatory resolution.In addition,persistent stimulation such as lipid products,advanced glycation end products(AGEs) and reactive oxygen intermediate (ROI)deteriorate the inflammation persistently.More understanding of DR pathogenesis greatly complicates the development of anti-inflammatory therapy.