Annual monitoring report of national drinking-water-borne endemic arsenicosis in 2010 and 2011 / 中国地方病学杂志

ABSTRACT

Objective To provide a basis for preventive strategies to national drinking-water-borne endemic arsenicosis through mastering the implementing progress of preventive measures and observing the dynamic changes.Methods Surveillances were carried out according to the provisions and requirements of The Surveillance Project for National Drinking-Water-Borne Endemic Arsenicosis(Trial).Total of 11 provinces(autonomous regions) and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps were selected as the surveillance provinces (autonomous regions).Endemic arsenicosis villages with exposed population over 100 persons were chosen as monitoring villages in each province,81 villages in 2010 and 89 villages in 2011 were selected.Potential endemic arsenicosis villages with exposed population over 100 persons were included; 26 villages in 2010 and 19 villages in 2011 were selected.The operation of water-improving projects was investigated,the arsenic content in water from resident house was tested in potential endemic arsenicosis villages and the prevalence of endemic arsenicosis based on the residents who lived in monitoring villages was surveyed:Results ①Total of 225 water-improving projects in 45 counties were monitored,1349 villages were covered and 72.66 million persons were benefited in 2010.Total of 233 waterimproving projects in 48 counties were monitored,1576 villages were covered and 84.61 million persons were benefited in 2011.②)Total of 107 villages with high level of water arsenic were investigated and 81 villages had improved the water quality in these villages in 2010.The water-improving projects running normally reached 90.12％(73/81),intermittent operation rate was 9.88％ (8/81) and without abandoned projects.The projects with qualified water reached 86.42％ (70/81).Total of 108 villages with high level of water arsenic were investigated and 89 villages with water improved in 2011.Normally operated projects reached 86.52％ (77/89),intermittent operation rate was 11.24％ (10/89)and abandoned projects was 2.25％ (2/89).The projects with qualified water arsenic level reached 82.02％(73/89).In addition,26 villages without water-improvement were investigated in 2010,and the families with high level of water arsenic reached 66.01％(371/562).Total of 19 villages were surveyed in 2011,and the families with high level of arsenic reached 54.99％(204/371).③Total of 23 964 persons were examined in villages with improved water in 2010,the detection rate of patients with endemic arsenicosis was 4.43％ (1061/23 964),3964 persons were examined in the villages without water-improvement and the detection rate was 5.98％(237/3964),two new cases were diagnosed.Total of 25 225 persons were examined in villages with waterimproved,the detection rate was 4.68％(1181/25 225),3145 persons were examined in the villages without waterimprovement,and the detection rate was 2.26％(71/3145) in 2011,none new case was detected.Conclusions It is not optimistic about the operating status and quality of water-improving projects.The prevalence in water-improved villages remains higher than that in water-unimproved villages.The long-term mechanism of surveillance should be established and perfected as soon as possible,and the management and maintenance of water-improving projects also should be strengthened.