Complications and Risk Factors of Surgery for Adult Spine Deformity / 대한정형외과학회잡지

ABSTRACT

Demand for surgical management of adult spine deformity has increased due to a recent increase in the elder population, development of surgical techniques, and increased desire for a better quality of life. More surgeries led to more and various complications. Complications of surgery for adult spine deformity have been reported from 37% to 53% depending on the types of disease, cause, and patient. This rate is higher than complications from general spine surgeries. Complications of surgery for adult spine deformity include; infection, excessive bleeding, nerve injury, pseudarthrosis, adjacent segment disease, and iliac screw complication. Factors influencing these complications include; old age, diabetes, steroid use, and osteoporosis. Proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK) is an abnormal kyphosis at the proximal level of the instrument after spine deformity surgery. Risk factors for PJK include; injury of paravertebral muscles and posterior ligament complex, over- and under-correction of coronal sagittal imbalance, age older than 55 years, and osteoporosis. There is a high risk of unexpected complications during surgery for adult spine deformity. Patients with degenerative spine sagittal imbalance are more prevalent in Korea than in Western countries. They tend to be old, have underlying diseases and osteoporosis, making them susceptible to complications related to instrumentation. Postoperative satisfaction tends to be low thus surgeons need to take care when selecting surgical methods and fusion level.