Periodic Explosive Expansion of Human Retroelements Associated with the Evolution of the Hominoid Primate
Journal of Korean Medical Science
;
: 177-185, 2004.
Artigo
em Inglês
| WPRIM
| ID: wpr-67708
ABSTRACT
Five retroelement families, L1 and L2 (long interspersed nuclear element, LINE), Alu and MIR (short interspersed nuclear element, SINE), and LTR (long terminal repeat), comprise almost half of the human genome. This genome-wide analysis on the time-scaled expansion of retroelements sheds light on the chronologically synchronous amplification peaks of each retroelement family in variable heights across human chromosomes. Especially, L1s and LTRs in the highest density on sex chromosomes Xq and Y, respectively, disclose peak activities that are obscured in autosomes. The periods of young L1, Alu, LTR, and old L1 peak activities calibrated based on sequence divergence coincide with the divergence of the three major hominoid divergence as well as early eutherian radiation while the amplification peaks of old MIR and L2 account for the marsupial-placental split. Overall, the peaks of autonomous LINE (young and old L1s and L2s) peaks and non-autonomous SINE (Alus and MIRs) have alternated repeatedly for 150 million years. In addition, a single burst of LTR parallels the Cretaceous-Tertiary (K-T) boundary, an exceptional global event. These findings suggest that the periodic explosive expansions of LINEs and SINEs and an exceptional burst of LTR comprise the genome dynamics underlying the macroevolution of the hominoid primate lineage.
Texto completo:
DisponíveL
Índice:
WPRIM (Pacífico Ocidental)
Assunto principal:
Primatas
/
Cromossomos Sexuais
/
Hominidae
/
Genoma Humano
/
Cromossomos Humanos
/
Evolução Molecular
/
Sequências Repetidas Terminais
Limite:
Animais
/
Humanos
Idioma:
Inglês
Revista:
Journal of Korean Medical Science
Ano de publicação:
2004
Tipo de documento:
Artigo
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