The treatment options for retinoblastoma / 眼科

ABSTRACT

Treatment options of retinoblastoma should be individualized. Patients with early intraocular stage may be managed with focal treatments, including cryotherapy, thermotherapy, laser photocoagulation, brachytherapy and so on. Patients with middle in- traocular stage may be treated with chemoreduction plus focal therapy. In patients with advanced stage, enucleation and chemotherapy are recommended, with the addition of orbital radiation for patients with extraocular retinoblastoma. Patients with systemic metastases require intensive chemotherapy and consolidation with autologous hematopoietic stem cell rescue.