Analysis of PM2.5 components during winter in Xinxiang city and their inflammatory effects on human type Ⅱ alveolar epithelial cells / 新乡医学院学报

ABSTRACT

Objective To analyze the PM2.5 components collected during winter in Xinxiang city and their inflammatory effects on human type lⅡ alveolar epithelial cells.Methods Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) was collected during winter in Xinxiang using a high-volume air sampler.The composition and mass concentration of soluble anions and metal elements in PM2.5 were determined with ion chromatography and inductive coupled plasma emission spectrometer,respectively.3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide assay was used to examine the effect of PM2.5 on viability of human type Ⅱ alveolar epithelial cell line A549;enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to examine the expression of interleukin-1β(IL-1β) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) in A549 cells.Results Airborne PM2.5 contained higher levels of NOx and SO42-during winter in Xinxiang city.The amount of PM2.5-derived metal elements in PM2.5 varied significantly,with higher levels of Ca,Mg,Zn and Al.The inhibition ratio of 12.5,25.0,50.0,100.0,200.0,400.0 mg · L-1 pM2.5 group on A549 of human type Ⅱ alveolar epithelial cell was higher than that of 0.0 mg · L-1 PM2.5 group (P ＜ 0.05).The inhibition ratio of 200.0,400.0 mg · L-1 PM2.5 group on A549 of human type Ⅱ alveolar epithelial cell was higher than that of 12.5,25.0,50.0,100.0 mg · L-1 PM2.5 group(P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the inhibition ratio in the 12.5,25.0,50.0,100.0 mg · L-1 PM2.5 group (P ＞ 0.05),and there was no significant difference in the inhibition ratio between 200.0 mg · L-1 PM2.5 group and 400.0 mg · L-1 PM2.5 group(P ＞ 0.05).Compared with 0.0 mg · L-1 pM2.5 group,the IL-1βand IL-8 protein expression of the human type Ⅱ alveolar epithelial cells culture supernatants in the 25.0,50.0,100.0 mg · L-1PM2.5 group was higher(P ＜0.05).But there was no significant difference in the IL-1β and IL-8 protein expression of human type Ⅱ alveolar epithelial cell culture supernatants among 25.0,50.0,100.0 mg · L-1 pM2.5 group (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Analysis of source apportionment suggests that construction and automobiles are main sources of ambient PM2.5 air pollution.Moreover,exposure to PM2.5 can cause damage and pro-inflammatory response of human type Ⅱalveolar epithelial cells.