Study on changes of airway function in children with asthma at different stages / 中国医师进修杂志

ABSTRACT

Objective To investigate the changes of airway function in different stages of asthma and its detection value.Methods One hundred and twenty children with acute exacerbation of asthma were selected as acute exacerbation group. The children were treated with routine asthma for 1 month. After that, children went into chronic duration (chronic duration group). The pulmonary function was measured in acute exacerbation group and chronic duration group,and the indexes were compared with those of 60 healthy children(healthy control group). Results The pulmonary function indexes of large airway forced vital capacity(FVC),peak expiratory flow(PEF),forced expired volume in 1 second(FEV1) and FEV1/FVC in acute exacerbation group were significantly lower than those in healthy control group and chronic duration group:(1.398 ± 0.518)L vs.(1.942 ± 0.557)and(1.851 ± 0.453)L,(2.701 ± 0.901) L/s vs.(4.102 ± 0.971)and(3.840 ± 1.001)L/s,(1.201 ± 0.316)L vs.(1.841 ± 0.499)and(1.690 ± 0.401) L, (86.337 ± 8.769)% vs. (96.589 ± 4.069)% and (94.317 ± 6.311)%, and there were statistical differences (P<0.05). The FEV1/FVC in chronic duration group was significantly lower than that in healthy control group,and there was statistical difference(P<0.05).There were no statistical differences in FVC, PEF and FEV1between chronic duration group and healthy control group (P>0.05). The pulmonary function indexes of small air channel forced expired flow at 25% of FVE (FEF25%), forced expired flow at 50% FVE (FEF50%), forced expired flow at 75% of FVE (FEF75%) and maximal midexpiratory flow (MMEF) in acute exacerbation group were significantly lower than those in healthy control group and chronic duration group:(2.187 ± 0.866)L/s vs.(3.869 ± 0.891)and(3.489 ± 0.947)L/s, (1.291 ± 0.549)L/s vs.(2.871 ± 0.584)and(2.599 ± 0.701)L/s,(0.596 ± 0.231)L/s vs.(1.412 ± 0.461) and(1.191 ± 0.571)L/s,(1.087 ± 0.496)L/s vs.(2.507 ± 0.629)and(2.259 ± 0.584)L/s,the indexes in chronic duration group were significantly lower than those in healthy control group, and there were statistical differences (P<0.05). Conclusions The lung function is abnormal in asthma children with acute exacerbation.After entering the chronic duration,the lung function appears to be improved,and the large airway function indexes return to normal. The small airway function indexes do not recover completely.Therefore,the detection of small airway function has great value in the diagnosis,severity and treatment of asthmatic children.