Active and passive maternal smoking during pregnancy and risk of having a child with polydactyly: a case-control study / 中华流行病学杂志

ABSTRACT

Objective The number of children with polydactyly is increasing.In addition to genetic factors,an influence of maternal behavior or environmental effects during pregnancy is becoming increasingly apparent.However,epidemiological data on these effects are lacking.Methods This hospital-based,case-control study enrolled 143 infants with polydactyly and 286 controls without genetic diseases to evaluate the association between active and passive maternal smoking during pregnancy and the likelihood of giving birth to a child with polydactyly.Results Active and passive maternal smoking during pregnancy was associated with an increased risk of giving birth to a child with polydactyly (active smokingOR=4.74,95％CI1.43-15.65,P=0.011;passive smokingOR=2.42,95％CI1.32-4.44,P=0.004).After adjusting for confounders,smoking during pregnancy remained significant influence on polydactyly (active smokingaOR=7.27,95％ CI1.72-30.72,P=0.007;passive smokingaOR=2.41,95％ CI1.11-5.23,P=0.026).Conclusion Active and passive maternal smoking during pregnancy appears to be a risk factor for polydactyly in newborns.