Cardiac toxicity of anthracycline antineoplastic drugs and its prevention and treatment / 心血管康复医学杂志

ABSTRACT

Objective:To study cardiac toxicity of anthracycline antineoplastic drugs and its preventive and therapeutic measures.Methods: A total of 160 patients undergoing anti—tumor treatment in our hospital from Jan 2014 to Jan 2015 were enrolled .According to accumulated dose of anthracycline (ANTH ) , patients were divided into high ANTH group (ANTH＞100mg／m2 ,n＝110) and low ANTH group (ANTH≤100mg／m2 ,n＝50) ,both groups were treated for 24 months.Levels of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) ,creatine kinase isoenzyme MB (CK—MB) ,brain natri—uretic peptide (BNP) ,left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ,left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS) ,left ventricular end—diastolic diameter (LVEDd) and left ventricular end—systolic diameter (LVESd) were measured and compared between two groups before and after treatment .Results: There were no significant differences in levels of cTnI and CK—MB between the two groups , P＞0.05 both .Compared with low ANTH group after 24—month treat—ment ,there were significant rise in BNP level [ (41.2 ± 15.1) ng／ml vs.(46. 9 ± 15. 2) ng／ml] ,LVEDd [ (32. 8 ± 4.3) mm vs.(34.6 ± 4.6) mm] and LVESd [(21. 4 ± 2.6) mm vs.(22. 7 ± 3.4) mm] ,and significant reductions in LVEF [ (71. 5 ± 5. 7)% vs.(65. 7 ± 7.1)%] and LVFS [ (38.9 ± 4.6)% vs.(37. 2 ± 4.2)%] in high ANTH group , P＜0. 05 or ＜0.01. There was no significant correlation among BNP level ,LVEF and LVFS before and after treat—ment ( P＞0. 05 all).Conclusion: Anthracycline antineoplastic drugs can induce cardiac toxicity or make it develop , so significantly increase BNP level and reduce LVEF in patients .Therefore ,certain preventive measures should be performed to reduce its adverse effects on heart .