Assessment values of procalcitonin, lactic acid, and disease severity scores in patients with sepsis / 中华危重病急救医学

ABSTRACT

To investigate the assessment values of procalcitonin (PCT), lactic acid (LAC), sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score and acute physiology and chronic health evaluationⅡ (APACHEⅡ) score in patients with sepsis. Methods 140 patients with suspicious bacterial infection admitted to emergency department of Beijing Chaoyang Hospital of the Capital Medical University from August 2017 to June 2018 were enrolled. They were divided into three groups according to diagnostic criteria of Sepsis-3 non-sepsis group (n = 58), sepsis group (n = 66) and septic shock group (n = 16). The PCT, LAC, SOFA score, APACHEⅡscore, 28-day prognosis, and positive detection rate of PCT and LAC were compared among three groups. Independent predictors of 28-day mortality were analyzed by Logistic regression; predictive values of PCT, LAC, SOFA score and APACHEⅡscore for 28-day mortality in sepsis patients were analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results PCT, LAC, SOFA score, APACHEⅡscore at admission, and 28-day mortality in sepsis group and septic shock group were significantly higher than those in non-sepsis group, and PCT, LAC, APACHEⅡ score, and 28-day mortality in sepsis shock group were further higher than those in sepsis group [PCT (μg/L) 38.1±12.6 vs. 4.6±2.3, LAC (mmol/L)3.3±2.1 vs. 2.4±2.1, APACHEⅡ score 14.9±2.4 vs. 9.5±4.3, 28-day mortality 75.0% vs. 24.2%, all P < 0.05]. The positive detection rate of PCT and LAC in sepsis group and septic shock group were higher than those in non-sepsis group (positive detection rate of PCT 56.1%, 81.3% vs. 32.8%; positive detection rate of LAC 42.4%, 62.5% vs. 13.7%; all P < 0.01). Logistic regression analysis showed that PCT, LAC, SOFA score and APACHEⅡ score were independent predictors of 28-day mortality [PCT odds ratio (OR) = 0.933, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) = 0.878-0.991; LACOR = 0.539, 95%CI = 0.347-0.838; SOFA score OR = 0.291, 95%CI = 0.514-0.741; APACHEⅡ score OR = 0.808, 95%CI = 0.669-0.976; all P < 0.05]. ROC curve analysis showed that the area under ROC curve (AUC) of PCT, LAC, SOFA score and APACHEⅡ score predicting 28-day mortality was 0.76, 0.86, 0.81 and 0.87, respectively. The assessment values of APACHEⅡscore and LAC were higher than PCT in predicting 28-day mortality (Z1 = 2.56, Z2 = 2.45, both P < 0.01), and the performance of SOFA score was similar to PCT. Conclusions PCT, LAC, SOFA score and APACHEⅡscore were reliable indexes to evaluate disease severity for patients diagnosed with infection. The assessment values of APACHEⅡscore and LAC in 28-day mortality were superior to SOFA score and PCT.