Gingival overgrowth induced by immunosuppressant: case report

ABSTRACT

gingival overgrowth was induced by several factors phenytoin, nifedipine, cyclosporine, unsanitary oral hygiene, orthodontic appliances, and other diseases. It was also found in organ transplantation recipients using immunosuppressant. Gingival overgrowth and concomitant gingival bleeding may increase the risk for oral infections, resulting in reduced quality of life. Cyclosporine was used on kidney transplant recipients to improve graft survival in transplantation. Gingival overgrowth is a common complication of cyclosporine treatment after renal transplantation. The severity of gingival overgrowth seems to be related to the duration of treatment. Some studies reported that the increment of collagen and extracellular matrix affect the symptoms, but the actual mechanism of cyclosporine inducing the gingival overgrowth was not known yet. The substitute of cyclosporine has been introduced, cyclosporine is still the dominant immunosuppressant. So we hereby report 3 cases of gingival overgrowth induced by cyclosporine with review of literatures.