Implant Survival Rates of Maxillary Sinus Augmentation: a Literature Review of Graft Materials

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: By reviewing literature on the subject, we compared the survival rate of implants placed in various graft materials used for maxillary sinus augmentation.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The search protocol used the Pubmed electronic database, with a time limit from 1998 to 2009. Keywords such as 'sinus lift,' 'sinus augmentation,' 'sinus floor elevation,' 'sinus graft,' 'bone graft,' 'implants,' 'oral implants,' and 'dental implants' were used, alone and in combination, to search the database. We selected articles and divided them into three groups by type of graft materials Group 1. Autogenous bone group autogenous bone alone; Group 2. Combined bone group autogenous bone in combination with bone substitutes; and Group 3. Substitute group bone substitutes alone or bone substitute combinations.RESULTS: We selected 37 articles concerning a total of 2,257 patients and 7,282 implants; 417 implants failed. The total implant survival rate (ISR, %) was 94.3%. In Group 1, 761 patients and 2,644 implants were studied; 179 implants failed and the ISR was 93.2%. In Group 2, 583 patients and 1,931 implants were studied; 126 implants failed and the ISR was 93.5%. In Group 3, 823 patients and 2,707 implants were studied; 112 implants failed and the ISR was 95.9%.CONCLUSION: Implants inserted in grafts composed of bone substitutes alone or in grafts composed of autogenous bone in combination with bone substitutes may achieve survival rates better than those for implants using autogenous bone alone (P < 0.05).