Progress of diagnosis and treatment of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma / 国际外科学杂志

ABSTRACT

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is a rare primary liver cancers. The pathogenesis is obscure and usually, it is asymptomatic in early stage, the diagnosis is made with difficulty. Most patients are in advanced stage upon diagnosis and have unresectable tumors.Strategies and indications for surgery are variable by different doctors. Standard, effective and individualized treatment strategies are lacking, with high malignancy, the tumor often shows unfavorable prognosis. In this review, we elucidate the cancer staging system, diagnostic algorithm, choice of surgical approaches and progress of nonsurgical treatment in conjunction with domestic and foreign literatures, so as to enhance the awareness of ICC and avoid misdiagnosis or underdiagnosis, eccessive or inadequate treatment in clinical work and confer benefit to patients.