Clinical Progressive Analysis of Serous Retinal detachment due to Hypertensive Choroidopathy in Toxemia of pregnancy

ABSTRACT

Hypertensive choroidopathy is seen in patients suffering from acute ypertension such as pregnancy-induced hypertension, renal disease, connective tissue disease, and accelerated essential hypertension, which can affect the visual acuity in many ways. Especially, retinal detachment is the most important factor in visual prognosis, so understanding its clinical course is important to the ophthalmologist. We diagnosed the 257 severe preeclampsia and eclampsia patinents at the Soonchunhyang University Hospital from January 1987 to Auguest 1996, and found 19 cases of serous retinal detachment. The fluorescein angiography showed delayed perfusion of the choriocapillaris in the earlyphase and marked pooling of dye in subretinal space in the late phase. The results of this study revealed that serous retinal detachment occured mostly binoculary (83.3%); the extent of the pathologic region ranged from 2.11DD to 7.2DD (mean 4.06DD); total bullous retinal detachment was found in one case; the duration of reattachment ranged from 8 to 43 days (mean 9.95days); and the recovery interval of visual acuity was between 21 to 35 days(average interval 18.5 days). Of 12 cases followed up 11 cases showed normal visual acuity, normal visual field and retinal reattachment without the macular degeneration.