Epidemiological characteristics and interruption of 228 HBV positive pregnant women / 公共卫生与预防医学

ABSTRACT

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and interruption of 228 hepatitis B virus (HBV) positive pregnant women, and to provide more references for clinical education and treatment. Methods A total of 228 chronic HBV pregnant women underwent maternal-neonatal transmission blocking treatment in Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from January 2015 to April 2019 were enrolled. Self-designed follow-up questionnaires were used to collect pregnant women's data. Then the relationship of epidemiological characteristics and HBV-DNA load levels with the genotype, hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) was analyzed, moreover, the prevention of mother-to-child transmission was also analyzed. Results A total of 228 HBV-positive pregnant women were mainly over 30 years old, with a family history of liver disease, low education level (<secondary school), provincial residence, rural families, and low family monthly income (2 000-5 000yuan). The positive rates of HBeAg and HBV-DNA were 69.30% and 40.35%, respectively. The HBV-DNA genotype was mainly B type, accounting for 53.95%, and the HBV-DNA load was mainly high virus load, accounting for 64.04%. The positive rate of HBeAg and abnormal rate of ALT in pregnant women with high HBV-DNA load were higher than those with low HBV-DNA load (P<0.05). The success rate of maternal-neonatal transmission blocking in antiviral treatment group was significantly higher than that in non antiviral treatment group (P<0.05). Conclusion A total of 228 HBV-positive pregnant women are mainly HBeAg positive and HBV-DNA positive cases, and high HBV-DNA viral load can increase the risk of HBeAg positive and liver function abnormalities in pregnant women. Clinical education should be emphasized among high-risk groups, and antiviral treatment during pregnancy for HBV-positive pregnant women can effectively block maternal-neonatal transmission and improve the quality of the newborn population.