Electroacupuncture of Multiple Acupoints Is Significantly Superior to That of Single Acupoint in Improving Sleep by Regulating Serum Sleep-promoting and Awakening-promoting Factors in Insomnia Rats / 针刺研究

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) stimulation of single and multiple acupoints on sleep and concentrations of interlukin-1 β(IL-1 β), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), prostaglandin D2(PGD2) and melatonin (MLT, sleep-promoting factors) and corticosterone (CORT, awakening-promoting factor) in the serum in insomnia rats, so as to explore its efficacy difference and the mechanism underlying improving sleep. METHODS: Fifty-four male SD rats were randomly divided into control, model, EA-Baihui (GV 20), EA-Shenmen (HT 7), EA-Sanyinjiao (SP 6) and EA-GV 20＋HT 7＋SP 6 groups (n＝9 rats in each group). The insomnia model was established by intraperitoneal injection of para-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA, 300 mg/kg) once daily for 2 days. In the EA-GV 20, EA-HT 7, EA-SP 6 and EA-GV 20＋HT 7＋SP 6 groups, EA stimulation was administrated for 30 min, once a day for 4 days. The sleep onset latency and sleep duration were measured after intraperitoneal injection of pentobarbital sodium (35 mg/kg). The concentrations of IL-1 β， BDNF, MLT, PGD2and CORT in the serum were detected by ELISA. RESULTS: After EA stimulation of GV 20, HT 7, SP 6 and GV 20＋HT 7＋SP 6, the sleep latency was significantly shortened (P<0.05, P<0.01, except SP 6), and the sleep duration was remarkably prolonged in comparison with the model group (P<0.05, P<0.01), and the therapeutic effects of EA-GV 20＋HT 7＋SP 6 were significantly superior to those of EA-GV 20, EA-HT 7 and EA-SP 6 in shortening the sleep latency and lengthening the sleep duration (P<0.05). Following modeling, the concentrations of IL-1 β， BDNF, PGD2 and MLT were significantly down-regulated, and the CORT level was markedly up-regulated in the model group relevant to the control group (P<0.05). Following EA，modeling induced dramatic decrease of serum IL-1 β， BDNF, PGD2 and MLT was considerably up-regulated, and the increased CORT level markedly down-regulated in the EA-GV 20, EA-HT 7, EA-SP 6 and EA-GV 20＋HT 7＋SP 6 groups (P<0.05). The effects of EA-GV 20＋HT 7＋SP 6 were evidently superior to those of EA-GV 20 and EA-SP 6 in up-regulating serum IL-1 β， BDNF and PGD2levels, and to those of HT 7, GV 20 and SP 6 in up-regulating serum MLT level, and significantly superior to those of EA-ST 7 and EA-SP 6 in down-regulating serum CORT (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: EA stimulation of HT 7, GV 20, SP 6 and GV 20＋HT 7＋ SP 6 can significantly improve the sleep in insomnia rats, which is closely associated with its effects in regulating serum sleep-promoting factors and awakening-promoting factor. Joint administration of EA of GV 20＋HT 7＋ SP 6 has a better effect than the single acupoint mentioned above.