Clinical adverse reactions and treatment strategies of tumor immune checkpoint blockades / 肿瘤

ABSTRACT

As representatives of immune checkpoint blockades (ICBs), antibodies targeting cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) and programmed cell death-1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) have significantly improved the treatment efficacies of a variety of malignant tumors. However, ICBs can also produce a wide range of immune-related adverse reactions, forcing patients to stop treatment and even affect the survival of the patients. Therefore, with the wide application of ICBs in clinical practice, clinical oncologists need to fully understand the possible side effects of ICBs therapy and the appropriate treatment strategies to improve the survival rate and therapeutic effect of patients receiving ICBs.