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Rg3 Improves Mitochondrial Function and the Expression of Key Genes Involved in Mitochondrial Biogenesis in C2C12 Myotubes
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal ; : 406-413, 2016.
Artigo em Inglês | WPRIM | ID: wpr-84888
ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

Panax ginseng has glucose-lowering effects, some of which are associated with the improvement in insulin resistance in skeletal muscle. Because mitochondria play a pivotal role in the insulin resistance of skeletal muscle, we investigated the effects of the ginsenoside Rg3, one of the active components of P. ginseng, on mitochondrial function and biogenesis in C2C12 myotubes.

METHODS:

C2C12 myotubes were treated with Rg3 for 24 hours. Insulin signaling pathway proteins were examined by Western blot. Cellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels and the oxygen consumption rate were measured. The protein or mRNA levels of mitochondrial complexes were evaluated by Western blot and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis.

RESULTS:

Rg3 treatment to C2C12 cells activated the insulin signaling pathway proteins, insulin receptor substrate-1 and Akt. Rg3 increased ATP production and the oxygen consumption rate, suggesting improved mitochondrial function. Rg3 increased the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α, nuclear respiratory factor 1, and mitochondrial transcription factor, which are transcription factors related to mitochondrial biogenesis. Subsequent increased expression of mitochondrial complex IV and V was also observed.

CONCLUSION:

Our results suggest that Rg3 improves mitochondrial function and the expression of key genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis, leading to an improvement in insulin resistance in skeletal muscle. Rg3 may have the potential to be developed as an anti-hyperglycemic agent.
Assuntos

Texto completo: DisponíveL Índice: WPRIM (Pacífico Ocidental) Assunto principal: Consumo de Oxigênio / Fatores de Transcrição / Biogênese de Organelas / Resistência à Insulina / RNA Mensageiro / Trifosfato de Adenosina / Western Blotting / Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase / Músculo Esquelético / Fibras Musculares Esqueléticas Idioma: Inglês Revista: Diabetes & Metabolism Journal Ano de publicação: 2016 Tipo de documento: Artigo

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Texto completo: DisponíveL Índice: WPRIM (Pacífico Ocidental) Assunto principal: Consumo de Oxigênio / Fatores de Transcrição / Biogênese de Organelas / Resistência à Insulina / RNA Mensageiro / Trifosfato de Adenosina / Western Blotting / Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase / Músculo Esquelético / Fibras Musculares Esqueléticas Idioma: Inglês Revista: Diabetes & Metabolism Journal Ano de publicação: 2016 Tipo de documento: Artigo