Smashing tissue extraction technology optimization for polysaccharides from stems of Acanthopanax gracilistylus and their in vitro immunological activities / 中草药

ABSTRACT

Objective: To optimize the extraction process for polysaccharides from the stems of Acanthopanax gracilistylus by smashing tissue extraction (STE) and to further investigate their cytotoxicity and immunological activities. Methods: Extraction process for the polysaccharides from the stems of A. gracilistylus was optimized by using the spherical symmetrical design test, and three factors were considered (material-liquid ratio, extraction temperature, and extraction time). The test compared STE with two traditional extraction methods, reflux extraction and ultrasonic extraction. The bioassay tests of cytotoxicity and immunological activities on polysaccharides extracted were studied in vitro. Results: The optimal extraction conditions for polysaccharides from the stems of A. gracilistylus were as follows: material-liquid ratio was 1:13.2, the extraction temperature was 80°C, and the extraction time was 420 s. With the best extraction conditions, the yield of polysaccharides from the stems of A. gracilistylus was 0.78%. The yield by STE was higher than those by reflux extraction and ultrasonic extraction in this research. In addition, the bioassay results showed the polysaccharides had no significant toxicity on RAW 264.7 cells at the dose of 10-20 μg/mL and facilitated the secretion of nitric oxide (NO) in the cells supernatant at the dose of 10-40 μg/mL in vitro. Conclusion: These results establish a steady and convenient extraction technology for polysaccharides from the stems of A. gracilistylus using STE method, indicating the polysaccharides have immunological activity to some extent, which provides a theoretical basis for the reasonable development of A. gracilistylus resources.