Survey on distribution characteristics and mortality of elderly population with risk of COPD in Shanghai / 公共卫生与预防医学

ABSTRACT

Objective To analyze the distribution characteristics of elderly people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) risk in Shanghai, and to investigate the mortality of patients. Methods From January 2015 to December 2019, the COPD surveillance data of Shanghai residents aged not younger than 60 years old was selected. The mortality data of the Shanghai population collected by the Shanghai Center for Disease Control and Prevention was used to analyze the mortality data of the elderly with COPD. Results A total of 3 894 questionnaires for elderly people with COPD risk were collected from 2015 to 2019 in Shanghai, and 879 COPD death data were collected during the same period. Patients in the urban area accounted for relatively a higher proportion. Presence of chronic respiratory symptoms such as chronic sputum, chronic cough, and dyspnea, past or existing exposure to occupational harmful factors, indoor use of polluted fuel, smoking, and severe childhood respiratory infections accounted for the highest proportion. The proportion of people with combined two risk factors of COPD was the highest. From 2015 to 2019, the mortality rate of COPD patients in Shanghai showed a significant year by year decline. Further analysis found that as the age of patients increased, their mortality rate also increased significantly. Conclusion Among the elderly at risk of COPD, the population in the urban area was at higher risk. The chronic respiratory symptoms, exposure history of risk factors, and the combination of two risk factors accounted for a relatively high proportion of the elderly at risk of COPD. From 2015 to 2019, the mortality rate of COPD patients in Shanghai significantly decreased year by year. The mortality rate also increased significantly with the age.