Analysis of incidence and influencing factors of stroke in Philadelphia chromosome-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms / 白血病·淋巴瘤

ABSTRACT

Objective:To investigate the occurrence of stroke and its associated risk factors in patients with Philadelphia chromosome (Ph)-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN).Methods:The data of patients diagnosed as Ph-negative MPN in the Affiliated Yuebei People's Hospital of Shantou University Medical College from January 2016 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. The occurrence of stroke in these patients and the clinical characteristics were summarized. Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of stroke in MPN patients.Results:A total of 193 Ph-negative MPN patients were collected, including 103 males and 90 females. The median age of onset was 62 years old (24-93 years old). There were 129 patients (66.84%) with essential thrombocythemia, 46 patients (23.83%) with polycythemia vera, and 18 patients (9.33%) with primary myelofibrosis. In 193 patients with MPN, there were 31 patients (16.06%) with stroke, including 30 cases (15.54%) of ischemic stroke and 1 case (0.52%) of hemorrhagic stroke, and the incidence of ischemic stroke was higher than that of hemorrhagic stroke, the difference was statistically significant (χ 2 = 54.258, P < 0.01). Among the patients with stroke, JAK2V617F mutation was observed to be the most common driver mutation (80.65%, 25/31). The small-artery occlusive cerebral infarction was the most common in ischemic stroke (63.33%, 19/30). Compared with MPN patients without stroke, those with stroke displayed higher hemoglobin level [(156±35) g/L vs. (138±40) g/L] and concurrent JAK2V617F and CALR mutations rate [3.23% (1/31) vs. 0.62% (1/162)], and lower CALR mutation rate [3.23% (1/31) vs. 19.14% (31/162)], the differences were statistically significant (all P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis revealed that hemoglobin ≥ median level (140 g/L) was a risk factor for stroke in MPN patients ( OR = 2.903, 95% CI 1.163-7.244, P = 0.022), and CALR mutation acted as a protective factor for stroke ( OR = 0.090, 95% CI 0.009-0.932, P = 0.044). Conclusions:Ischemic stroke is more common than hemorrhagic stroke in Ph-negative MPN patients, and the small-artery occlusive cerebral infarction is also more frequently found in these patients. Hemoglobin ≥140 g/L is a risk factor for stroke in MPN patients, and CALR mutation is a protective factor.