Analysis of monitoring results of plague natural foci in Yinchuan City, Ningxia from 2015 to 2018 / 中华地方病学杂志

ABSTRACT

Objective:To analyze the dynamic characteristics of rodents population density distribution in plague foci of Yinchuan City, Ningxia, and to provide reference for early warning of the plague.Methods:The plague surveillance results and epidemic reports of Yinchuan City from 2015 to 2018 were collected retrospectively, and the data were obtained from the database of Yinchuan City Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Descriptive method was used to analyze the species, number, density, fleas, vector index, etiology and serology results of rodents in the plague foci.Results:From 2015 to 2018, 4 families, 8 genera, 13 species, and 8 843 rodents were captured in the plague foci of Yinchuan City, and Meriones unguiculatus (4 557 rodents) was the dominant species. The survey area of host animal density was 1 459 hm 2, 3 805 rodents were captured, and the average density was 2.61/hm 2, of which the Meriones unguiculatus density was 1.98/hm 2. A total of 41 488 traps of nocturnal rodents were investigated, and 2 660 rodents were captured, with an average capture rate of 6.41%. A total of 6 952 fleas were obtained, belonging to 4 families, 7 genera, and 8 species; Xenopsylla conformis conformis (4 597 fleas) and Nosopsyllus laeviceps kuzenkovi (1 761 fleas) were the dominant species. Among them, there were 2 286 flea-infected rodents, the body flea-infected rate was 25.85% (2 286/8 843), and the body flea-infected index was 0.76. A total of 220 gerbils nests were investigated, and the nest flea-infected rate was 34.55% (76/220), and the nest flea-infected index was 0.98. No plague bacterium was isolated by pathogen detection of rodents and fleas. The results of indirect hemagglutination test were all negative. Conclusion:The Meriones unguiculatus is the dominant species in the plague foci of Yinchuan City, the average density is still high, attention should be paid to the occurrence of plague outbreaks.