Clinical characteristics and prognosis of acute myocardial infarction with or without cardiovascular risk factors / 中国医师杂志

ABSTRACT

Objective:To investigate the clinical features and prognosis of acute myocardial infarction with or without cardiovascular risk factors.Methods:22 780 patients with acute myocardial infarction registered with the National Health Commission from November 2015 to December 2018 were analyzed. After excluding 3 432 patients, the patients were divided into two groups according to whether there were cardiovascular risk factors. The control group (2 840 cases) had no cardiovascular risk factors, and the observation group (16 508 cases) had cardiovascular risk factors. The clinical characteristics, cardiac function indexes, complications and prognosis were observed between the two groups.Results:There were significant differences in age, symptoms, blood pressure, heart rate, blood glucose, creatinine, total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipid-cholesterol (HDL-C) and low density lipid-cholesterol (LDL-C) between the two groups ( P<0.05). The results of coronary angiography showed that there were significant differences in single vessel disease, left main or multiple vessels, left anterior descending branch, left circumflex branch, right coronary artery and left main artery between the two groups ( P<0.05). There was no difference in mortality (2.6% vs 3.1%, P=0.450) and complications (20.6% vs 20.0%, P=0.647) between the observation group and the control group. One year later, the clinical results showed that the all-cause mortality of the control group was 2.0% (57/2 840) and that of the observation group was 1.3% (215/16 508), with statistically significant difference ( P=0.031). Conclusions:Even without cardiovascular risk factors, elderly patients are prone to acute myocardial infarction. Therefore, patients without any cardiovascular risk factors still need to be given full monitoring.