The latest research progress: Exosomal microRNAs as biomarkers for diagnostic and therapeutic application in Alzheimer’s disease / 中华老年医学杂志

ABSTRACT

Exosomes are spherical microvesicles(30-100 nm)secreted by a variety of cells and contain a variety of proteins, lipids, mRNAs, and microRNAs.These molecules into exosomes can be transferred to adjacent cells and distant tissues or cells by exosomes to develop full effects.Exosomes-released microRNAs are involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease(AD)by regulating the abnormal expression of amyloid β-protein(Aβ)and p-Tau protein, initiating the inflammatory response by interacting with toll-like receptors.In addition, exosomal microRNAs can be used as a potential therapeutic target for AD.Exosomes as good carriers have great research values.This review summarized the literatures related to the role of exosomal microRNAs in the development of AD and the potential therapeutic effect on AD.A large amount of evidence indicates that expression disorder of exosomal microRNA plays an important role in the pathogenesis of AD and can be used as a new potential biomarker and therapeutic target for the diagnosis and treatment of AD.