Neonatal invasive fungal infection / 中国小儿急救医学

ABSTRACT

Invasive fungal infection (IFI) is one of the main causes of death and disability in premature infants.The occurrence of neonatal IFI involves host factors (such as extreme prematurity, very low birth weight, immature immune system, and fungal colonization, etc.) and external factors (such as central venous catheterization, mechanical ventilation, parenteral nutrition, and broad-spectrum antibiotic application, etc.). The clinical manifestations of IFI in neonates are nonspecific, which is easily confused with late-onset bacterial sepsis.Thrombocytopenia and hyperglycemia are important features of IFI.G-test and PCR have certain values in the diagnosis of fungal infection.The neonatal IFI should be mainly focused on its prevention.It is crucial for neonatal IFI to take comprehensive preventive measures such as cutting off transmission routes and strengthening medical management.The incidence of fungal infection and high risk factors in NICU where it is located should be considered when using the fluconazole prophylactically.Empirical antifungal treatment should be commenced promptly when a high degree of suspicion for IFI exists based on the presence of specific clinical features and risk factors.Targeted therapy means administer antifungal drugs on the basis of isolation of fungal.In addition, more attention should be given to the issues regarding central nervous system infection and biofilm in the management of neonatal IFI.