Urinary Biomarker in Bladder Cancer at Present Time

ABSTRACT

Current standard diagnostic modality of bladder cancer is cystoscopy with/without urine cytology from patient’s voided urine. Considering several cystoscopic disadvantages such as symptomatic invasiveness and operatordependency, urinary cytology is an asymptomatic, noninvasive tool to detect exfoliated tumor cell in the urine samples. Various targeting molecules have been suggested to detect cancer cells in the urine beside the present urine cytology which has a limited diagnostic power of detection cancer cells. To augment the accuracy of diagnostic power, various supplementary urine biomarkers have been approved and under investigation in these days with different mechanisms and different targets. In this review article, we are going to discuss some urinary biomarkers approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and other non-FDA approved potential urinary markers in bladder cancer.