Advance in Neural Regulation Networks of Anticipatory Postural Adjustments (review) / 中国康复理论与实践

ABSTRACT

The generation and execution of anticipatory postural adjustments (APAs) depend on the complex distributed neural networks, involving cerebral cortex (including premotor cortex and primary motor area), thalamus, basal ganglia, cerebellum, and divided into stratified mode and parallel mode. The basal ganglia and premotor cortex contribute to code the motor planning of APAs. Supplementary motor area and pedunculopontine nucleus in the brainstem co-regulate the timing of APAs. Primary motor area projects cortical motor fibers to target area during the initiation of APAs. The pontomedullary reticular formation integrates and projects fibers to the spinal cord. The cerebellum is mainly related to the coordinated coupling of muscles during APAs.