Molecular Mechanism of Nelumbinis Plumula Alkaloids in Prevention and Treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer： an Analysis Based on Network Pharmacology and Cell Experiment / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ABSTRACT

Objective:To explore the potential molecular mechanism of Nelumbinis Plumula alkaloids （NAPs） in the prevention and treatment of non-small cell lung cancer （NSCLC） based on network pharmacology and cell experiment. Method:The main active components of NAPs were obtained by searching Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform （TCMSP） and Bioinformatics Analysis Tool for Molecular Mechanism of Traditional Chinese Medicine （BATMAN-TCM）， and their main targets were predicted and analyzed by employing Swiss Target Prediction. The main target genes of NSCLC were retrieved from GeneCards， Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man （OMIM） and DrugBank databases. The resulting common targets were imported into STRING platform for constructing the protein-protein interaction （PPI） network， followed by gene ontology （GO） and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes （KEGG） enrichment analysis based on Database for Annotation， Visualization， and Integrated Discovery （DAVID）. The NAPs-common target -pathway network was constructed by Cytoscape 3.7.1. After NSCLC cell line A549 was treated with isoliensinine， the cell morphology was observed under an inverted fluorescence microscope. The effect of isoliensinine on A549 vitality was detected by cell counting kit-8 （CCK-8） assay and the target protein changes were verified by Western blot. Result:The main active components for NAPs against NSCLC were lysicamine， liensinine， and isoliensinine. The phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase-protein kinase B （PI3K-AKT）， RAS-related protein 1 （Rap1）， epidermal growth factor family of receptor tyrosine kinases （ErbBs）， and hypoxia inducible factor-1 （HIF-1） pathways were mainly involved for binding adenosine triphosphate （ATP） and regulating protein kinase activity. The main targets included protein kinase B-1 （AKT1）， alpha catalytic subunit of phosphoinositol-3-kinase （PIK3CA）， cyclin-dependent kinase 2 （CDK2）， mitogen-activated protein kinase-1 （MAPK1）， epidermal growth factor receptor （EGFR）， adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette B1 （ABCB1）， mammalian target of rapamycin （mTOR）， tyrosine kinase （Src）， Janus kinase 1 （JAK1）， and G1-phase-specific gene cyclin-D₁ （CCND1）. The <italic>in vitro</italic> cell experiment also revealed that isoliensinine down-regulated the expression of phosphorylated AKT （p-AKT） and phosphorylated mTOR （p-mTOR） in a concentration- and time-dependent manner and inhibited the growth of A549 cells. Conclusion:NAPs exert the preventive and therapeutic effects against NSCLC through multiple components， multiple targets， and multiple pathways， especially the PI3K-AKT pathway.