Status and trend of cardiovascular disease burden in China from a global perspective / 公共卫生与预防医学

ABSTRACT

Objective To analyze the epidemic trends and risk factors of cardiovascular disease (CVD) burden in China from 1990 to 2019, based on the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study 2019, by comparing with the world, the USA, Japan and India. Methods Data were obtained from the Global Health Data Exchange (GHDx) database, and the prevalence, incidence, mortality, disability adjusted life years (DALY) rate and main risk factors of CVD in China in 2019 were analyzed by gender and age. Age-standardized rates were used to compare the trends of CVD burden in the world and other four countries. Results In 2019, the number of CVD patients, incidences and deaths in China was 120.33 million, 12.34 million, and 4.58 million, respectively. The prevalence, morbidity, mortality and DALY rate increased from 4 235.43/100 000, 447.81/100 000, 204.75/100 000 and 5 091.03/100 000 in 1990 to 8 460.08/100 000, 867.65/100 000, 322.30/100 000, and 6 463.47/100 000 in 2019, respectively, all of which were increasing with age. The burden of CVD in males was higher than that in females. After eliminating the influence of population aging, the age-standardized mortality rate of CVD in China decreased from 381.21/100 000 in 1990 to 276.93/100 000 in 2019, and the age-standardized DALY rate decreased from 7 412.81/100 000 to 4 938.38/100 000. However, they were still slightly higher than those in the world and significantly higher than those in the USA and Japan. In addition, the leading four risk factors of CVD in China in 2019 were hypertension, dietary risks, air pollution and tobacco. A higher burden of CVD caused by all these factors in China were above the global average level. Conclusion Due to hypertension, dietary factors, air pollution, tobacco and other reasons, coupled with the rapid aging of the population, the burden of CVD in China is still very serious, and relevant departments need to pay more attention to it.