Clinical analysis of 165 children with hypertension / 中国小儿急救医学

ABSTRACT

Objective:To summarize the characteristics of hypertension and target organ damage in hospitalized children, so as to provide scientific basis for comprehensive prevention and management of hypertension children.Methods:The clinical data of 165 hospitalized children diagnosed with hypertension at Beijing Children′s Hospital from January 2017 to December 2019 were analyzed retrospectively.Data including medical history, clinical symptoms, signs, auxiliary examination and treatment strategy were collected and analyzed statistically.Results:Of 165 admitted hypertensive children who met the inclusion criteria, 35(21.2%)were classified as having primary hypertension, and 130(78.8%)were secondary hypertension.The body mass index(BMI)and the rate of family history of children with primary hypertension were higher than those of children with secondary hypertension, the differences were statistically significant( t=2.052, P=0.026; χ2=3.321, P=0.009). Among 165 children with hypertension, 137 had varying degrees of clinical symptoms(83.0%), only nine primary hypertension cases showed symptoms.The original etiologies of secondary hypertension included 78 cases of renal disease(60.0%), 23 cases of cardiogenic disease(17.7%), six cases of endocrine disease(4.6%)and five cases of rheumatic disease(3.8%). Of all admitted patients, the blood pressure of 158 cases(95.8%)decreased to normal with weight control, low-fat and low-salt diet, antihypertensive drugs and treatment of primary disease.Besides, the parents of seven cases gave up any treatment and left hospital. Conclusion:Secondary hypertension is the main type of hypertension in children, among which renal parenchymal disease is the most common etiology.The clinical symptoms also vary by its original etiology.The overall goal of this study is to reduce the risk of target organ damage, and get blood pressure under control relatively early and effectively.