Neonatal encephalopathy: identification of multiple causes / 中国小儿急救医学

ABSTRACT

Neonatal encephalopathy (NE) is one of the major causes of neonatal death and severe disability in childhood.The etiology of NE is complex, which can occur in prenatal or delivery, and some neonates may even have high risk factors in both prenatal and delivery.Prenatal maternal diseases, hereditary diseases and genetic predisposition, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, infections, placental abnormalities, thrombosis, abnormal blood coagulation, and metabolic diseases can all directly cause NE.Some patients of NE have comorbidities such as neuromuscular diseases, congenital heart disease, severe anemia, and severe pulmonary diseases, which lead to the disturbance of extrauterine adjustment during delivery, and the occurrence of hypoxic-ischemia leading to NE.NE is a heterogeneous disease, and the selection of appropriate assessment based on the medical history and examination, identification of the etiology of NE and treatment for the etiology can improve the prognosis.