Research progress on nutrients and special diet for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease / 中华临床营养杂志

ABSTRACT

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by the chronic refractory inflammation of gastrointestinal tract. Although the pathogenesis of IBD has not been fully elucidated, there is increasing evidence that various environmental factors, including dietary nutrition, play an important role in the occurrence and development of the disease. Dietary nutrition has the effect on modulating the gut microbiome and regulating immune system, and even shows potential influence on epigenetic regulations. Therefore, diet has raised great research interest as a therapeutic tool to improve the disease course, due to its fewer side effects. Here is a review of the role of dietary nutrients in the development and treatment of IBD, with emphasis on fiber, fat, vitamin D, zinc, selenium and three specific dietary patterns considered applicable to the management of IBD therapy, namely the special carbohydrate diet, the low fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides and polyol diet, and the Mediterranean diet.