Effects of different types of exercise on type 2 diabetes risk in patients with pre-diabetes: One 2-year prospective randomized controlled study / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

ABSTRACT

Objective:To evaluate the impacts of resistance training(RT)and aerobic training(AT)for 24 months on the risk of type 2 diabetes in patients with pre-diabetes.Methods:Two hundred forty-eight pre-diabetic patients were enrolled in this multi-center randomized controlled trial. All patients were randomly divided into 3 groups RT( n=82), AT( n=83), and control( n=83)groups. The participants in RT and AT groups undertook moderate RT or AT 3 times a week(150 minutes/week)under supervision in 3 research centers for 24 months. Elastic bands were used in each session of RT, with intensity of 60% 1RM(maximum weight that muscle can lift at once). Patients in AT group performed aerobic dance at 60%-70% of maximum heart rate. Assessments for each subject were made at baseline and by the end of 6, 12 and 24 months. Primary outcomes were changes in the risk of type 2 diabetes. Secondary outcomes included changes in blood glucose, blood lipids, and blood pressure. Results:There were 217, 206, and 173 subjects who completed the follow-up of 6, 12, and 24 months, respectively. The mean ages of RT, AT, and control groups at baseline were(59.91±5.92), (60.93±5.71), and(60.73±5.83)years. Compared to control group, both RT and AT groups revealed a significant reduction in HbA 1C( P<0.05), and a significant increase in homeostasis model assessment for β-cell function index(HOMA2-β, P<0.01)by the end of 12 and 24 months. Adjusted for age, gender, statin use, lipid profile, blood pressure, and body mass index, COX regression analysis showed that RT and AT reduced the risk of type 2 diabetes by 55.6%( P=0.012)and 59.8%( P=0.010). Conclusions:This study demonstrates that 24-month moderate RT and AT have comparable effects on reducing insulin resistance, improving β-cell function, blood glucose and lipid, and reducing the risk of type 2 diabetes.