Effect of short-term high protein and low carbohydrate diet interventions in patients with obesity and hypertension / 中华健康管理学杂志

ABSTRACT

Objective:To determine the effect of short-term high protein and low carbohydrate diet interventions on weight-related metabolic indexes in obese patients with hypertension.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted on 200 obese patients with hypertension who underwent physical examination and weight management in Shenzhen People′s Hospital from May 2015 to December 2019. Among them, 100 patients were given routine diet education (control group), and 100 patients were given high protein and low carbohydrate diet interventions (experimental group). After eight weeks, changes in body weight, body mass index, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, blood lipid, and medical expenses were compared. T-test and Wilcoxon rank sum test were used to compare the differences between the two groups before and after the interventions. When P<0.05, it was considered significantly different. Results:After the intervention, body weight, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and medical expenses of the experimental group decreased [79.0 (74.0, 85.0) vs 70.0 (66.0, 72.0) kg; 28.5 (26.8, 29.5) vs 26.1 (25.4, 27.7) kg/m 2; 168.0 (162.0, 178.0) vs 160.0 (154.0, 166.0) mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa); 101.0 (98.0, 108.0) vs 97.0 (90.5, 98.0) mmHg; 5.25 (4.80, 5.52) vs 4.95 (4.70, 5.20) mmol/L; 5.80 (5.27, 6.40) vs 5.40 (5.00, 5.80) mmol/L; 1.25 (0.90, 1.50) vs 1.10 (0.90, 1.20) mmol/L;(669.6±21.6) vs (646.4±21.3) CNY, respectively] (all P<0.05). The body weight of the control group decreased [78.0(73.3, 83.0) vs 79.5(74.5, 85.0) kg] ( P<0.05). The control group′s body mass index, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and medical expenses had no significant changes (all P>0.05). Conclusion:Short-term, high protein, low carbohydrate diet intervention can effectively reduce weight, hypertension, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and medical expenses in obese patients with hypertension.