Prevalence of occupational musculoskeletal disorders among workers inheavy-duty automobile parts factories in Beijing Municipality / 预防医学

ABSTRACT

Objective@#To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of occupational musculoskeletal disorders among workers in heavy-duty automobile parts factories in Beijing Municipality, so as to provide insights into development of effective interventions for occupational musculoskeletal disorders.@*Methods@#The workers in three heavy-duty automobile truck parts factories in Beijing Municipality were recruited using the convenient sampling method during the period from May 2019 to October 2020. Subjects' demographic characteristics, type of job and prevalence of occupational musculoskeletal disorders at various sites were collected using self-designed electronic questionnaires, and the factors affecting the development of occupational musculoskeletal disorders were identified using a multivariable logistic regression model.@*Results@#A total of 264 workers were enrolled, including 260 males (98.48%) and 4 females (1.52%). The participants had a mean age of (31.71±6.13) years, and mean duration of (7.51±5.25) years at current position, and mechanical technician was the major type of work (129 workers, 48.86%). The prevalence of occupational musculoskeletal disorders was 70.08% among the participants, and high prevalence of occupational musculoskeletal disorders was found in the lower back/waist (41.28%), shoulder (40.15%), neck (39.02%) and upper back (33.33%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified females (OR=1.280, 95%CI 1.021-1.602) and head-down posture at work (OR=2.644, 95%CI 1.034-6.763) as risk factors for occupational musculoskeletal disorders at neck; females (OR=1.633, 95%CI 1.624-2.117), sheet metal workers, mechanical technicians and painters (OR 5.811-10.452, 95%CI 1.205-54.027), working in an uncomfortable posture (OR：1.376-7.749, 95%CI 1.034-27.270) and frequent working overtime (OR=2.081, 95%CI 1.192-4.137) as risk factors for occupational musculoskeletal disorders at shoulder; and sheet metal workers, mechanical technicians and painters (OR 8.760-11.948, 95%CI 1.630-66.927), working in an uncomfortable posture (OR：4.067-12.185, 95%CI 1.332-47.523) and frequent working overtime (OR=2.201, 95%CI 1.142-4.244) as risk factors for occupational musculoskeletal disorders at waist/back.@*Conclusions@#The prevalence of occupational musculoskeletal disorders is high among workers in heavy-duty automobile parts factories, which mainly occur at shoulder, neck, waist and back. Type of work, working posture and working duration are main factors affecting the development of occupational musculoskeletal disorders.