Correlation between chronic periodontitis and pulmonary ventilation function / 中国基层医药

ABSTRACT

Objective:To investigate the correlation between chronic periodontitis and pulmonary ventilation function.Methods:A total of 135 patients with chronic periodontitis who received treatment in Yuyao People's Hospital of Zhejiang Province between June 2014 and December 2019 were included in this study. They were divided into group A (stage I, initial lesion, n = 45), group B (stage II, early lesion, n = 45), group C (stage III, confirmed lesion, n = 45) according to the severity of periodontal lesion. Lung ventilation function indexes and serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were compared among the three groups. The correlation between periodontal condition and lung ventilation function indexes was analyzed. Results:Probing depth (PD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), number of missing teeth, alveolar bone resorption level were (1.67 ± 0.65) mm, (2.48 ± 0.44) mm, 0 pieces, and (1.38 ± 0.23) mm in group A, (2.05 ± 0.30) mm, (4.04 ± 0.97) mm, 1 piece, (3.37± 0.73) mm in group B, and (2.23 ± 0.47) mm, (5.17 ± 0.75) mm, 3 pieces, (6.48 ± 0.62) mm in group C. With the worsening of the disease, PD, CAL, number of missing teeth, and alveolar bone resorption level were gradually increased. PD, CAL and alveolar bone resorption level in group C were significantly higher than those in group A ( t = 4.68, 20.75, 51.74, all P < 0.001) and group B ( t = 2.17, 6.18, 21.78, P = 0.033, < 0.001, < 0.001). PD, CAL and alveolar bone resorption level in group B were significantly higher than those in group A ( t = 3.56, 9.82, 17.44, all P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the number of missing teeth ( P > 0.05). Serum IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α levels were (11.28 ± 4.26) ng/L, (7.48 ± 1.97) ng/L, (14.59 ± 2.11) ng/L in group A, (17.09 ± 4.91) ng/L, (10.82 ± 2.10) ng/L, (19.95 ± 4.48) ng/L in group B, and (26.47 ± 5.86) ng/L, (15.06 ± 2.75) ng/L, (33.76 ± 6.30) ng/L] in group C. With the worsening of the disease, serum IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α levels were gradually increased. Serum IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α levels in group C were significantly higher than those in group A ( t = 14.06, 15.03, 19.36, P < 0.001) and group B ( t = 8.23, 8.22, 11.98, all P < 0.001). Serum IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α levels in group B were significantly higher than those in group A ( t = 6.00, 7.78, 7.26, P < 0.001). The percentage of the maximum expiratory volume in the first second to the predicted value (FEV 1%pre) and the ratio of the maximum expiratory volume in the first second to the forced vital capacity (FEV 1/FVC) were (81.53 ± 6.30)% and (68.73 ± 4.65)% in group A, (70.47 ± 5.25)% and (60.86 ± 3.42)% in group B, and (59.02 ± 3.41)% and (56.93 ± 4.21)% in group C. With the worsening of the disease, FEV 1%pre and FEV 1/FVC were gradually decreased. FEV 1%pre and FEV 1/FVC in group C were significantly lower than those in group A ( t = 21.08, 12.62, both P < 0.001) and group B ( t = 12.27, 4.86, both P < 0.001). FEV 1%pre and FEV 1/FVC in group B were significantly lower than those in group A ( t = 9.05, 9.25, both P < 0.001). Spearman correlation analysis showed that serum IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α levels were negatively correlated with FEV1%pre and FEV 1/FVC ( r = -0.50, -0.28, -0.42, -0.61, -0.34, -0.51, all P < 0.05). Conclusion:There is a correlation between chronic periodontitis and pulmonary ventilation function. Inflammatory mediators may be involved in chronic periodontitis as internal systemic factors.