Profiles of human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C virus genotypes among human immunodeficiency virus/hepatitis C virus co-infected Burmese patients from 2016 to 2019 in Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture / 中华传染病杂志

ABSTRACT

Objective:To investigate the distributions of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes among newly reported HIV/HCV co-infected Burmese patients in Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province from 2016 to 2019.Methods:A total of 1 289 newly reported HIV/HCV co-infected Burmese patients in Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture were collected through the National Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Comprehensive Prevention and Control Data Information System From January 2016 to December 2019. Among them, 996 subjects with a plasma volume of ≥200 μL were selected to perform HIV and HCV genotyping. The HIV pol gene, the HCV core protein-binding envelope protein ( CE1) gene and non-structural protein 5B ( NS5 B) gene were amplified using the nested polymerase chain reaction.The phylogenetic tree was constructed by MEGA 7.0 software to classify the genotypes. Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. Trend chi-square test was used to analyze the trend of HIV and HCV genotypes. Results:Among the 996 cases with HIV/HCV co-infection, HIV and HCV sequences from a total of 554 subjects (55.6%, 554/996) were successfully obtained, and the genotypes of HIV and HCV were diverse. HIV genotype C (40.3%, 223/554) and BC recombinant (33.6%, 186/554) were the most prevalent, followed by genotype B (6.5%, 36/554) and circulating recombinant form (CRF)01_AE (3.6%, 20/554). HCV genotype 3b was the most prevalent (31.2%, 173/554), followed by genotype 6u (19.5%, 108/554), 1a (17.5%, 97/554), 6n (11.4%, 63/554), 3a (8.7%, 48/554) and 6xg (6.3%, 35/554). The prevalence of HIV genotype C showed a downward trend ( χtrend2=7.23, P<0.001), while the prevalence of BC recombinant showed an upward trend ( χtrend2=5.97, P<0.001), and the proportion of BC recombinant was higher than genotype C in 2019 (54.9%(101/184) vs 21.7%(40/184)). However, there were no statistically significant differences in the proportions of genotype 3b, 6u and 1a from 2016 to 2019 ( χtrend2=1.43, 1.79 and 0.39, respectively, P=0.152, 0.074 and 0.695, respectively). The HIV genotype distribution among patients with different ethnic groups were significantly different ( χ2=22.06, P=0.037). Conclusions:The diversity of HIV and HCV genotypes is high and complex among HIV/HCV co-infected Burmese patients in Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture. BC recombinant shows a trend of becoming the predominant HIV genotype among these co-infected patients. Therefore, surveillance of the prevalence of HCV and HIV genotypes in Burmese population needs to be further strengthened.