Factors related to sarcopenia in hospitalized elderly patients / 中华老年医学杂志

ABSTRACT

Objective:To investigate the prevalence of sarcopenia and associated factors in hospitalized elderly patients.Methods:This was a cross-sectional study.A total of 578 patients admitted to the Geriatrics Department of our hospital were consecutively recruited according to the admission criteria.Patients were divided into the sarcopenia group(n=202, 34.95%)and non-sarcopenia group(n=376, 65.05%)based on the diagnostic criteria(2014)of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia.Their clinical data and laboratory parameters were collected.All patients underwent comprehensive geriatric assessment.Results:(1)The detection rate of sarcopenia in these hospitalized patients was 34.95%.(2)Age, free thyroxine(FT4), and the prevalences of diabetes and osteoporosis and the incidence of falls in the past year were higher while body mass index(BMI), calf circumference, hemoglobin(Hb), albumin(ALB), triglycerides(TG), low-density cholesterol(LDL), glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c)and free triiodothyronine(FT3)were lower in sarcopenia patients than in non-sarcopenia patients, with statistical significance.Scores on the mini-mental state examination(MMSE)and activities of daily living(ADL)were lower in sarcopenia patients than in non-sarcopenia patients while scores on nutritional risk screening 2002(NRS2002)and the FRAIL scale were higher, all with statistical significance.(3)Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that osteoporosis and FRAIL score were risk factors for sarcopenia( OR=9.083 and 2.505, P<0.001)and BMI, calf circumference and ADL score were protective factors for sarcopenia( OR=0.735, 0.774 and 0.967, P<0.05). (4)ROC analysis showed that the areas under the curve for FRAIL score, BMI, calf circumference and ADL score were 0.832, 0.805, 0.841 and 0.812, respectively, with threshold values at 2.5 points, 23.52 kg/m 2, 32.5 cm and 92.5 points.(5)The chi-square test for sarcopenia screening using various related factors found osteoporosis, calf circumference <32.5 cm and ADL <90 points had higher sensitivity(0.787, 0.807, 0.817)while FRAIL ≥ 3 points and BMI <23.5 had slightly lower sensitivity(0.683, 0.708), with each related factor having a high negative detection rate(0.833-0.888). Conclusions:The prevalence of sarcopenia in hospitalized elderly is more than 1/3.Osteoporosis and FRAIL score are risk factors for sarcopenia.BMI, calf circumference and ADL score are protective factors for sarcopenia.All relevant factors have practical clinical value and can be used for preliminary screening of sarcopenia.