Research advances in the function of ferroptosis in ocular disease / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

ABSTRACT

Ferroptosis is a novel form of cell death that has been discovered in recent years and differs markedly from previously known cell death. The mechanism of ferroptosis is the inactivation of glutathione peroxidase(GPX)and the accumulation of lethal intracellular lipid peroxides that occur on the basis of cellular iron overload. Changes such as cell membrane rupture, mitochondrial crest reduction, and outer mitochondrial membrane shrinkage rupture can be observed under electron microscopy. Current studies have found that many diseases in ophthalmology involve ferroptosis-related processes such as iron overload, the imbalance of redox homeostasis, the inactivation of GPX, and accumulation of lethal levels of lipid hydroperoxides, which identified the important role of ferroptosis in ocular disease. This review focuses on the mechanism of ferroptosis and its role in corneal injury, cataract, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy, which helps to sort out the pathological mechanisms of common ocular diseases and provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of ocular diseases.