Childhood cancer in Mongolia: focusing on trend in incidence from 2008 to 2017 / Монголын Анагаах Ухаан

ABSTRACT

Introduction@#An international study coordinated by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and published today in The Lancet Oncology shows that in 2001–2010, childhood cancer was 13% more common than in the 1980s, reaching an annual incidence rate of 140 per million children aged 0–14 years worldwide. Cancer incidence and mortality statistics reported by International Cancer Research Center (2016), over 300,000 children develop cancer worldwide each year, 215000 children aged 0-14 years and 85000 children aged 15-19 years. Internationally comparable data on childhood cancer incidence in the past two decades are scarce. Based on the need for comparison of childhood cancer incidence in Mongolia to the global level, the study aimed to categorize cancer among children aged 0-19 years. @*Goal@#To study the insidence rates and trend from childhood cancer last 10 year in Mongolia@*Materials and Methods@#The study was conducted in 786 new cases childhood who were cancer diagnosed, between 2008 and 2017 year. Age-standardized incidence rates were calculated by the direct method using age-specific incidence rates and weights based on the age distribution of the standard world population @*Results@#Over the past 10 years, childhood cancer accounted for 1.5% of total cancer in Mongolia. By WHO and IARC data, worldwide childhood cancer age standardized rate (ASR) is 106.0, in Mongolia childhood cancer ASR (101.6) is lower than world average. The most common childhood cancers worldwide are: 1st leukemia, 2nd lymphoma, 3rd central nervous system cancer, 4th retinoblastoma, 5th soft tissue cancer. Over the past 10 years the most common childhood cancers in Mongolia are: 1st leukemia, 2nd central nervous system cancer, 3rd joint bone cancer, 4th lymphoma, 5th soft tissue cancer. Our country’s childhood cancer ASR is below compared to other countries, but expected growth rate is gradually increasing (3.0 per year).@*Conclusions@#</br> 1. Leukemia is the most common childhood cancer in worldwide and also in Mongolia. </br>2. By sex, childhood cancer incidence is higher in boys than girls. </br>3. By age group, childhood cancer incidence is the highest in 0-4 age group. </br>4. By region, childhood cancer incidence is the highest in central region. </br>5. The overall incidence of childhood cancer (1 million children) in Mongolia is expected to increase by 3.0 over the next 5 years.