Sarcoidosis: Diagnosis and Treatment / Монголын Анагаах Ухаан

ABSTRACT

Resume. Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disease of unknown etiology that primarily affects the lungs and lymphatic system of the body, although multiorgan involvement frequently occurs. Granulomas occur as a result of a helper T cell Type II, Type I protective immune response and are dynamic structures. Under certain known and unknown circumstances, the exuberance of the granulomatous response becomes deleterious, resulting in organ damage and scar formation. A diagnosis of the disorder usually requires the demonstration of typical lesions in more than one organ system and exclusion of other disorders known to cause granulomatous disease. For more than 125 years much progress has been made in terms of understanding the protean clinical and unique immunological features of the disorder. Less is known about the epidemiology and genetic factors that contribute to the development and expression of the disease. The appropriate therapy for the disorder also has not been well defined for all patients. Most importantly, the cause of the disorder is still unknown. The paper provides data on pathogenesis, classification, clinical manifestation, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment of sarcoidosis.