Study results on determining the cases of bifid mandibular canal by the panoramic radiography / Монголын Анагаах Ухаан

ABSTRACT

BackgroundThe mandibular canal passes the interior mandibular from the mandibular foramen to the mental foramen, involving the inferior alveolar artery and inferior alveolar nerve. The location and configuration of mandibular canal variations are important in surgical procedures involving the mandible, such as extraction of an impacted third molar, dental implant treatment, and sagittal split ramus osteotomy.Purpose: Determine the case of the inferior alveolar nerve branching by the panoramic radiography.Materials and Methods: Especially chosen 384 (768 mandibular canal) digital panoramic radiographies of 147 males and 237 females aged above 5, who were attended the radiology cabinet of Dentistry, HSUM, in 2005-2010.Inclusion criteria• With clear view of the mandibular canal ramus types.• No injury in mandibular, its ramus, no pathology, no operated. Radiographies of people aged above 5.The digital panoramic radiographies of mandible and maxilla were observed by l-VIEW 2D software of VERAVIEWEPOCS apparatus, MORITAcorp., Japan.Results: The 6.6% (51) case of bifid mandibular canal was determined by the panoramic radiography. Mandibular canal branching was defined in 24 males, 27 females; right mandibular canal branching was in 45.1% (23) cases, in the left - 54.9% (28). Mandibular canal bifid canal-78,4% (40), double canal-3,9% (2), trifid canal-2% (1), type with 2 foramen mandibular -15,7% (8). We classified the mandibular canal ramus by the Langlais on the right side - Langlais I-8, Langlais II-6, Langlais III-5, Langlais IV-3, the leftside - Langlais 1-11, Langlais II-4, Langlais III-6, Langlais IV-4. 20 cases of bifid canal was detected at age 5-20, 26 cases - at 21-35 , 4 cases - at 36-55, 1 case - at 56-65, and there was no any bifid canal after 66.Conclusions:1. A total of 6,6% of the radiographs studied in the present study demonstrated mandibular canal variations. No difference in the prevalence of variations was observed in relations to age, gender and side of the jaw.2. Mandibular canals were classified as Langlais et al types; type I was dominated (19), Langlais IV - rare case (7).3. In accordance with the study the 21-35 aged persons have more (26) mandibular canal types, and for the people aged 56-65 it was rare case (1).