Relationship between depression and anxiety with sleep quality in elderly adults / 中华老年医学杂志

ABSTRACT

Objective:To evaluate the influence of depression and anxiety on sleep quality, and to provide a basis for preventing sleep disorders in community-dwelling older adults.Methods:Cluster sampling was used.A self-designed questionnaire, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI), the Patient Health Questionnaire-9(PHQ-9), and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire-7(GAD-7)were used for the survey.The sleep quality and the influence of depression and anxiety on sleep quality of 955 community-dwelling older adults aged 60 and above were investigated.Results:The detection rate of sleep disorders, depression and anxiety were 24.5%, 19.1% and 14.3%, respectively.There was a positive correlation between sleep quality scores(including the total score and the scores of each dimension)and the anxiety and depression scores( rs 0.115-0.558, P<0.01 for all). After adjusting for possible confounding effects of gender, age, food intake or tea drinking before bed, Logistic regression analysis showed that the presence of depression( OR=3.555, 95% CI 2.235-5.653, P<0.05)and anxiety( OR=1.812, 95% CI 1.070-3.070, P<0.05)were significantly related to sleep disorders in the elderly.The multivariate adjusted population attributable risk of depression and anxiety for sleep disorders in the elderly was 32.56% and 16.09%, respectively.The presence of depression and anxiety were associated with 38.87% of the population attributable risk for sleep disorders. Conclusions:Depression and anxiety are important risk factors for sleep disorders in the elderly.Strengthening the identification and intervention of depression and anxiety is beneficial to improve the sleep quality of elderly living in the community.