Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome on the severity of adult asthma / 公共卫生与预防医学

ABSTRACT

Objective To evaluate the effect of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) on the degree of bronchial asthma (BA) in adults, and to analyze the potential relationship between the two. Methods A retrospective study was used to collect 90 patients with BA patients who were admitted to Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2018 to June 2022. All patients received polysomnography (PSG) to calculate the apnea hypopnea index (AHI). Patients were divided into mild OSAS (AHI30) according to AHI value. In addition, BA related indicators of patients were measured, such as forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), FEV1%, FEV1/forced vital capacity (FVC), exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), total airway resistance (R5), central airway resistance (R20) and peripheral elastic resistance (X5). Analysis of variance was used to compare the differences in BA related indicators in patients with different degrees of OSAS, and Pearson linear correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between AHI and the measured values of BA indicators. Results There was 1 case (1.11%) in AHI30. There was no difference in gender composition among different AHI groups, but the AHI value of BA patients aged 70 years and above was higher, and the age difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The results of different AHI groups showed that the patients with moderate to severe OSAS received higher step-up treatment for asthma, most of which were in step 3 and step 4, with a statistically significant difference (2=90.085，P<0.001). The variance analysis results showed that the more severe the OSAS, the lower the ratio of FEV1/FVC (%) (F=2.600, P=0.011), and the higher the FeNO and R5 measurements values (F=-6.454 , F=-3.291, P<0.001). Pearson linear correlation analysis showed that AHI was negatively correlated with FEV1% (r=-0.356, P<0.05) and FEV1/FVC% (r=-0.289, P<0.001), but AHI was positively correlated with R5 (r=0.447, P<0.05). Conclusion BA patients with OSAS have significantly abnormal respiratory function-related indicators, and with the aggravation of OSAS, BA will further deteriorate