ABSTRACT
Gastrointestinal tract damage is a part of the course of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MVS-D) associated with the new COVID-19 coronavirus infection. According to the results of a retrospective study, gastrointestinal tract damage was detected in 77% of patients with MVS-D and is represented by signs such as abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea and peritoneal symptoms. In children with gastrointestinal tract lesions, significant differences were noted in the frequency of occurrence of the following signs: hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, hypotension/shock, as well as conjunctivitis and facial swelling. Among laboratory abnormalities, hypoalbuminemia is more characteristic, but the level of CRP and troponin is higher. The article shows that gastrointestinal tract damage is an important early predictor of the severity of MVS-D.
ABSTRACT
The aim of the study was to identify the viral etiology of acute respiratory diseases in patients hospitalized to the infectious hospitals in Yakutsk. Methods: nasal and pharyngeal swabs were obtained from the examined patients. The presence of the genetic material of the respiratory viruses was determined by real-time PCR. Results: During the study, 178 patients admitted to the infectious hospitals in Yakutsk from November 2019 to April 2020 were selected according to the inclusion criteria. 99/178 (55.6%) samples were positive for at least one of the studied viruses, 79/178 (44.4%) samples were negative. Respiratory syncytial virus;rhinoviruses;metapneumovirus;parainfluenza viruses of types 1, 2, 3 and 4;coronaviruses NL-63, 229E, HKU-1 and OC-43;adenoviruses groups B, C and E;bokavirus, as well as influenza A and influenza B viruses were identified. The results of the study are necessary to improve and optimize diagnostic tactics, for control and prevention of respiratory viral infections.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The implementation of the major federal projects in the Arctic region of the Russian Federation claims particular attention to the indicators of the quality of life and the state of population health in these regions. Health and demographic indicators can be one of the available tools for public health monitoring. AIM: To analyze the main trends of the health and demographic processes in the arctic regions of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) over 20 year (2000–2020). MATERIAL AND METHODS: The data of the Territorial Body of the Federal State Statistics Service in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), YARMIATS for 2000–2020 were analyzed. An approximate 95% confidence interval was calculated over 20 years (2000–2019), the average population growth rate was estimated by a chain method for time series (data for 2020 year are presented separately due to the deformation of the pattern of demographic indicators due to the epidemic SARS-CoV-2). A linear regression analysis of IBM SPSS Statistics 26 was performed to assess the birth and mortality rate trends. RESULTS: From 2000–2020, the population of the Arctic region of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) decreased by 22% due to migration and high mortality rates. Deaths by external causes occupy approximately 20% of the structure of the all-cause mortality rate. Dynamically, the decrease in the number of infant mortalities was noticed due to the effective routing of preg-nant women and improvement of the maternity service in the region. CONCLUSION: The analysis of the medical and demographic indicators showed positive and negative trends in the Arctic regions’ public health of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The system of the healthcare organization in the regions is to be im-proved. Also, these regions, which possess all the features of the healthcare systems with low-density population territories, can become a model for the regional and federal projects approbated in the field of Arctic medicine. © Authors, 2022.
ABSTRACT
A review of the literature of foreign and Russian studies on the course of a new coronavirus infection in children ( SARS - CoV -2) is presented. The studies conducted over the past two years have shown a difference in the course of COVID -19 in children. The clinical picture of coronavirus infection in children is very diverse: from symptoms of a respiratory infection to multisystem inflammatory syndrome. It has been established that among children there is lower frequency of severe course of coronavirus infection. For complete understanding of features and treatment of the new coronavirus infection, large-scale epidemiological studies are required.
ABSTRACT
The article presents the results of retrospective analysis of the clinical histories of children hospitalized from March 23, 2020 to December 27, 2020 in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) 'Children's Infectious Clinical Hospital' with the diagnosis 'Coronavirus infection caused by COVID-19' (ICD-10 code U07.1, U07.2). The features of the clinical course of a new coronavirus infection in 358 children were described. Accumulation of epidemiological and clinical data will make it possible to find ways to prevent and treat the new infection, taking into account regional and population characteristics.
ABSTRACT
The data of state statistics on mortality of the able-bodied population in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) in the period from 1995 to 2020, as well as the structure of main causes of death in this category are analyzed. In the course of the work, the dynamics of changes in the structure of mortality among urban and rural residents with a gender division was studied, and the impact of a new coronavirus infection on the healthcare system in Yakutia was shown. It has been established that the mortality rate of the population of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) of working age during the study period has significantly decreased, but the proportion of deaths in this group to the total number of deaths is still higher than the national indicators. It is also shown that the mortality rate of men is 3.6 times higher than that of women. Since 2011, mortality in rural areas has significantly exceeded that in the urban environment, especially among the female population, which is largely determined by a decrease in the number of beds.
ABSTRACT
The preliminary epidemiological data on coronavirus infection COVID-19 in children in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) is presented in the article. Retrospective analysis of 431 cases of coronavirus infection in children who were hospitalized in the Clinical Hospital of Children's Infectious Diseases during the period from March 2020 to December 2020 was conducted. Peaks of the epidemic process were identified in May and November 2020. The COVID-19 virus was identified in 88% of cases, in 54 cases the diagnosis was made based on clinical and epidemiological data. The highest risk group in terms of developing pneumonia are children and teenagers 10-18 years old. Considering of the epidemic process and the peculiarities of the implementation of coronavirus infection, the alertness of pediatricians in the field should be formed.