ABSTRACT
With the growth of technology, the concept of online learning has grown in popularity. The worldwide epidemic situation (Covid 19) has increased the use of online learning not just in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs), but also at all levels of education (ISED levels). In these hard times, technical advancements have played a greater role in creating awareness of the existence of online learning which has evolved as an alternate avenue for gaining and disseminating knowledge in a systematic way. In this paper we investigate to detect the sentiment dynamics (SD) of tweets related to online education available on twitter platform and deduce conclusions about its impact on student’s emotions. Over one lakh subjective tweets about the world's emerging online education system have been gathered via Twitter. Sentiment analysis was performed on the gathered dataset using the combination of dictionary-based and statistical-based approaches. Based on the findings of this analysis, we can infer the impact of online education and how people's attitudes have changed as a result of changes in the educational system. As a result, we would like to present a better comprehension of the sentiment dynamics of online education adoption. © 2022. Specialusis Ugdymas. All Rights Reserved.
ABSTRACT
The pandemic of novel coronavirus disease-19 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has stimulated scientists from different backgrounds to gear up on developing vaccines against the virus. Several antigenic epitopes of the virus have the potential to induce an immunogenic response, among which viral spike protein ("S" protein) is considered to be the most suitable vaccine candidate. In this review, the latest progress in the field of plant molecular pharming (PMF), its application, limitations, and commercial initiatives toward the production of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine have been discussed. Vaccine production by PMF has gained considerable attention these days and can be used for large-scale commercial production of antigenic proteins, antibodies, and other biopharmaceuticals. New age plant breeding techniques facilitated by CRISPR-Cas-based genome editing technology and next-generation sequencing methods also help to achieve greater precision and rapidity. Several unique advantages are offered by plant-based vaccine production techniques over that of the microbial or mammalian cell culture system. Virus-like particles and Agrobacterium-mediated transient somatic expression systems have a high potential for the large scale, cost-effective, and robust production of plant-derived vaccines against SARS-CoV-2.
ABSTRACT
Background: A significant portion of the global population seeks health-related information on the Internet. The world is searching for an effective vaccine to control the coronavirus disease-19. Knowing the information-seeking behavior of the population helps in designing an awareness program. Aim: This study aimed to explore the information-seeking behavior of the global and Indian population by analyzing Internet search trends. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from April to November 2020. We used fully anonymous data available in the public domain (https://trends.google.com/trends). The phrase "COVID vaccine" was searched with "schedule," "when," "cost," "where," and "side effect" to compare the trends. The global and Indian data were categorized month-wise and statistically tested by the Chi-square test. Results: Global Internet users seek information on "when" the COVID vaccine would be available followed by "where" to get the vaccine. The "schedule," "cost," and "side effect" come later. Indian search trend is similar for "when" and "where." However, the third query was the "cost" followed by "schedule" and "side effect." Conclusion: The Internet search trend showed that people around the world want to know when they would get a vaccine and where to get it. The least search volume was about the side effects of the vaccine. Primary care physicians, government, and nongovernment stakeholders may use this finding for optimum dissemination of information both online and offline.
ABSTRACT
Background: During the coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic, learning activity via the digital medium has suddenly increased. Medical teachers quickly adapted with synchronous (i.e., online classes), and asynchronous (i.e., video-and other materials-based learning) method of delivering the content to the students. Aim: We aimed to explore the comparative preference of face-to-face lecture, synchronous, and asynchronous learning among Indian undergraduate medical students. Materials and Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional nation-wide online survey in July–August 2020 with a snowball sampling technique. We collected response from undergraduate medical students who had attended both online classes and video-and other materials-based learning. Preference on the three modes of learning (namely, face-to-face lecture, online synchronous, and asynchronous) was recorded in a 10 point Likert-type scale. Obtained responses were statistically compared by analysis of variance with a P < 0.05 to be statistically significant. Results: A total of 695 (female = 304 (43.74%), male = 391 (56.26%)) entries were analyzed. Overall, traditional face-to-face lecture class was the most preferred method (8.68 ±1.49) followed by asynchronous (6.33 ± 2.22) learning and then online classes (5.22 ± 2.55, P < 0.0001). Perceived attention, interest, scope of learning, and possibility of interaction with the teachers were highest in face-to-face lecture. The scope of taking notes from all three modes was equal but the scope of formative assessment was highest with synchronous learning. The distraction was highest with asynchronous learning. Conclusion: Undergraduate medical students in India prefer to learn by face-to-face lecture while compared with distance delivery via the digital media. Postpandemic blended learning may be planned with the following sequence of importance: Face-to-face lecture >asynchronous >synchronous learning. © 2021 Journal of Nature and Science of Medicine ;Published by Wolters Kluwer-Medknow.
ABSTRACT
Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in an adverse impact on the mental health of people all over the world. This may lead to long-term psychological consequences if left unchecked. Aims and Objectives: This study aimed to determine the level of the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on young adults (18–30 years) and to find the difference in psychological impact according to gender, residence, and employment. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted between May 2020 and June 2020. An online survey was conducted using two validated questionnaires – Impact of Event Scale-Revised and Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale. These two validated questionnaires assess the post-traumatic stress (PTS), depression, anxiety, and stress among the respondents. The data obtained were statistically analyzed in GraphPad Prism 6.01. Results: A total of 111 (male 54 and female 57) research participants provided full responses. A fair number (21.62%) of participants had PTS. A total of 48 (43.24%) had moderate-to-severe stress. Sixty-three (56.75%) had extremely severe anxiety and 18 (16.21%) had moderate-to-severe anxiety. Twenty-three (20.72%) participants showed extremely severe depression and 25 (22.52%) had moderate-to-severe depression. Females showed higher levels of anxiety and depression than males. However, there was no difference in anxiety and depression among the urban and rural populations. PTS and anxiety among employed respondents were higher than non-employed respondents. Conclusion: We found a high level of anxiety and depression among them. Female young adults of both rural and urban areas are more vulnerable to anxiety and stress. Stakeholders should consider accelerating mental health support at the grassroots level for effective management of pandemics.
ABSTRACT
Presently the world is facing an extremely tough time due to the prevalence of the Novel Coronavirus, 2019-nCoV or COVID-19, which has been declared a pandemic by WHO. The virus usually transmits via droplets of saliva or discharge from the nose when an infected person coughs or sneezes. Since there is no vaccine to prevent the disease, social distancing and proper quarantine of infected persons are needed. To include and quantify the spatial effect of the pandemic regarding the geotemporal development of 2019-nCoV, a mathematical model of partial differential equations is essential. In this chapter a diffusion model has been developed by dividing the total population of constant size into four classes: susceptible population, infected population, quarantined population and recovered population. Here the disease transmission factor for both infected and quarantined population into the susceptible population are in more general form. Looking for a travelling wave solution this model can give the wave speed at which the disease 2019-nCoV spread. Additionally it can be predicted whether the total population in forward time will become susceptible or not in the absence of vaccine. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.