ABSTRACT
El objetivo del estudio fue explorar los conocimientos y actitudes de los estudiantes de medicina españoles sobre las vacunas, sus fuentes de información, la formación recibida durante sus estudios y sus expectativas sobre futuras actividades formativas de postgrado. Se llevó a cabo un estudio descriptivo transversal en tres universidades españolas entre el 1 febrero al 31 mayo de 2019, mediante una encuesta autoadministrada de 55 preguntas: cuestionario sociodemográfico basal, conocimientos sobre vacunación, vacunas necesarias en personal sanitario, fuentes de información y opinión sobre la docencia recibida en vacunología. La escala tuvo un nivel alfa de Cronbach de 0,767. Se obtuvo un 67,2% (1821/2709) de tasa de contacto, 52,2% (951/1821) de respuesta y una elegibilidad del 93,2% (887/951). La edad media fue de 21,7 ± 3,6 años, de ellos 67,9% (646/1821) mujeres. La puntuación media para el conocimiento fue 44,6 (DE 4,3), con buena proporción de respuestas correctas y con diferencias significativas entre estudiantes de primer y segundo ciclo, además de diferencias por género en dos afirmaciones: las vacunas son efectivas y la vacunación debe ser obligatoria para lograr una cobertura universal. Un 34.98% (332/949) no conocía el calendario vacunal. La puntuación media de actitudes fue 36,7 (DE 4,1). Las principales fuentes de información sobre vacunas provenían del entorno académico y la familia/Internet y 87,7% (828/951) declararon solo ≤3 cursos relacionados con la vacunación. El 80,1% (461/951) opinaba que los médicos debían ser los profesionales mejor formados en vacunación. Un 51,2% creía que las universidades deben ser la institución central para formar en vacunas durante el postgrado, frente a 25,2% colegios profesionales, 16,4% las sociedades científicas y sólo un 5,4% la industria farmacéutica. La deficitaria formación en vacunología de los estudiantes de medicina españoles debe mejorarse desde las instituciones académicas y los colegios profesionales, tanto en pregrado como en postgrado.Alternate : The objective of the study was to explore the knowledge and attitudes of Spanish medical students about vaccines, their sources of information, the training received during their studies and their future expectations about postgraduate training activities. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in three Spanish universities between February 1 and May 31, 2019, through a self-administered survey of 55 questions: baseline sociodemographic questionnaire, knowledge about vaccination, necessary vaccines in health personnel, sources of information and opinion on the teaching received in vaccinology. The scale had a Cronbach's alpha level of 0.767. There was a 67.2% (1821/2709) contact rate, a 52.2% (951/1821) response rate, and an eligibility of 93.2% (887/951). The mean age was 21.7 ± 3.6 years, of which 67.9% (646/1821) were women. The mean score for knowledge was 44.6 (SD 4.3), with a good proportion of correct answers and with significant differences between first and second cycle students, in addition to differences by gender in two statements: vaccines are effective and vaccination must be mandatory to achieve universal coverage. 34.98% (332/949) did not know the vaccination schedule. The mean attitude score was 36.7 (SD 4.1). The main sources of information on vaccines came from the academic environment and the family / internet and 87.7% (828/951) declared only ≤3 courses related to vaccination. 80.1% (461/951) believed that doctors should be the best trained professionals in vaccination. 51.2% believed that universities should be the central institution for training in vaccines during postgraduate studies, compared to 25.2% professional associations, 16.4% scientific societies and only 5.4% the pharmaceutical industry. The deficient training in vaccinology of Spanish medical students must be improved from academic institutions and professional associations, both undergraduate and graduate.
ABSTRACT
Healthcare professionals must play an exemplary role in the field of vaccinology. It is convenient that they are trained during their time at university. The objective of this study was to determine the acceptability of the vaccines against COVID-19 in health sciences students in Spanish universities. A cross-sectional study was performed regarding the acceptance of the vaccines against COVID-19 in students in the Health Sciences Degrees in Spanish universities was performed on a sample of students of nursing, medicine, and pharmacy during the spring of 2021, via an online questionnaire with 36 questions designed ad hoc, self-administered, anonymized, and standardized. There were 1222 students participating, of Spanish nationality (97.4%), women (80.5%) and with an average age of 22.0 ± 4.8 years old. Of those, 12.3% had had the disease, 44.0% had to quarantine, 70.8% had undergone diagnostic tests, out of which 14.1% were positive. In total, 97.5% of those surveyed indicated their desire of being vaccinated, if possible, with Comirnaty® (74.9%). At the time of the study, 49.6% were already vaccinated. The reasons for vaccination differed according to the degree and the doubts about vaccine safety was the largest reason for reluctance. Some 37.7% suspected that there are unknown adverse effects and 85.6% of those vaccinated experienced some mild effects after injection. Vaccine acceptance and confidence in the recommendations given by health authorities is high in health sciences students.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Papillomavirus Infections , Papillomavirus Vaccines , Adolescent , Adult , COVID-19/epidemiology , COVID-19/prevention & control , COVID-19 Vaccines , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Humans , Papillomavirus Infections/prevention & control , Patient Acceptance of Health Care , Students , Universities , Vaccination , Young AdultABSTRACT
The implementation of strategies to mitigate possible cases of COVID-19 were addressed at the University of Alicante for the safe reopening of the 2020/2021 academic year. To discover the prevalence of immunity against SARS-CoV-2, a study was designed using a rapid immunoassay test (carried out between 6 and 22 July 2020), and in addition a cross-sectional survey was conducted on risk factors, symptoms, predisposition for becoming vaccinated, and sources of information about COVID-19. A random sample, stratified by students, faculty, and administrative staff, was selected. The seroprevalence found was 2.64% (39/1479; 95% CI 1.8-3.4), and the adjusted seroprevalence was 2.89% (95% CI 2.1-3.7). The average age of the students was 23.2 years old, and 47.6 years old for staff. In relation to COVID-19, the following was found: 17.7% pauci-symptomatic, 1.3% symptomatic, 5.5% contact with cases, 4.9% confined, and 0.3% PCR positive. More than 90% complied with preventive measures. The proportion willing to receive the COVID-19 vaccine was 91%. Their sources of information were the Internet (74%) and television (70.1%). They requested that the university offer information (45.1%), training (27%), and provide Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) (26.3%). Lastly, 87.9% would repeat the test. A plan was established that included the follow-up of cases and contacts, random sample testing, training courses, bimodal teaching, a specific website, and the distribution of PPE.