ABSTRACT
Background: The use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapies has surged since the spread of COVID-19 pandemic. However, the efficacy and safety of these CAM therapies remains majorly unexplored. Objective: To understand the efficacy and safety of Nochi Kudineer Chooranam (5 gm), Mahasudarsan Chooranam (3 gm) , Adathodai Manapagu (10 ml), Omatheeneer (10 ml), Maldevi chenduram (100 mg) with honey in management of COVID 19 patients. Methods: We conducted a randomised, controlled, open label trial in patients hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 infection who had an oxygen saturation of 90% or more while breathing ambient air. Patients were randomized into two groups in a 1:1 ratio to either intervention group, receiving seven days of siddha medicine (Intervention group; n = 50) or standard care (control group; n = 50). The primary end point was clinical markers and patient recovery status on day 8. Results: A total of 100 patients with confirmed COVID-19 with average age of 37 yrs (interquartile range, 28-49) participated in the study. There was no statistically difference between groups at baseline (P > 0.05). After intervention, patients in the intervention group had statistically (P < 0.05) significant reduction in the symptoms when compared to standard care. By end of the intervention period, 6 patients (12%) were hospitalized in the control group and none of them were reported for intervention group. Conclusion: Among patients with mild to moderate COVID-19, 7 days of siddha medicine showed a significant reduction in the clinical symptoms and requirement of hospitalisation, with no adverse events. Therefore, the particular siddha medicine preparation could be used safely and effectively for the management of COVID-19 patients.
ABSTRACT
Background The use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapies has surged since the spread of COVID-19 pandemic. However, the efficacy and safety of these CAM therapies remains majorly unexplored. Objective of the current study is to understand the efficacy and safety of one such traditional CAM therapy of South India, known as ‘Siddha’ system of medicine, in the management for the COVID-19 patients. Methods We conducted a randomised, controlled, open label trial in patients hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 infection who had an oxygen saturation of 90% or more while breathing ambient air. Patients were randomized into two groups in a 1:1 ratio to either intervention group, receiving seven days of siddha medicine (Intervention group;n=50) or standard care (control group;n=50). The primary end point was clinical markers and patient recovery status on day 8. Results A total of 100 patients with confirmed COVID-19 with average age of 37 yrs (interquartile range, 28-49) participated in the study. There was no statsistically difference between groups at baseline (P>0.05). After intervention, patients in the intervention group had statistically (P<0.05) significant reduction in the symptoms when compared to standard care. By end of the intervention period, 6 patients (12%) were hospitalized in the control group and none of them were reported for intervention group. Conclusion Among patients with mild to moderate COVID-19, 7 days of siddha medicine showed a significant reduction in the clinical sysmptoms and requirement of hospitalisation, with no adverse events. Therefore, the particular siddha medicine preparation could be used safely and effectively for the management of COVID-19 patients. Clinical Trial Registration CTRI/2020/08/026999.
ABSTRACT
Background: The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a massive threat to public health worldwide. Siddha system of medicine is one of the traditional medicines of South India. The recommended formulations in Siddha Sasthric Medicines- Fixed Regimen (SSM-FiRe) are Amukkura tablets, Kaba Sura Kudineer (KSK) for asymptomatic COVID-19 positive (RT-PCR) patients, and Athimathuram tablets, Adathodai Manappagu syrup, Thippili Rasayanam, Brahmananda Bairavam tablet, and Notchi Kudineer for mild symptomatic patients. The core objective of the trial was to document the efficacy of SSM-FiRe in the prevention of asymptomatic and mild COVID-19 disease progression to the next level of severity, reduce the severity of symptoms and revert to RT-PCR Negative. Methods: An exploratory, prospective, open-labeled, single-arm, non-randomized trial was designed as per GCP guidelines to assess the efficacy of SSM-FiRe. Sixty RT-PCR positive participants who were asymptomatic or with mild COVID-19 symptoms were recruited for the study at the Siddha COVID Care Centre, Vyasarpadi, Chennai from June to August 2020. Nasal and oropharyngeal swab tests were performed on the 0, 7th, and 14th days. All participants were treated with SSM - FiRe regimen. All the participants were also assessed based on Siddha Yakkkaiyin Ilakkanam, which included Clinical symptoms and vitals. Laboratory investigations such as Haemogram, Liver Function Test, Renal Function Test, HbA1C, Electrolytes, Inflammatory markers, Cardiac profile, Immunoglobulins, and anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody tests were performed. Results: 83% of COVID-19 patients turned RT-PCR negative on the 7th day and in most of the cases, symptoms were reduced within the first 5 days of admission. The RT-PCR cycle threshold (ct) value increased significantly (<0.001) after treatment and all the participants were RT-PCR negative, except one, who was positive even after 14 days. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies developed significantly (p-value - 0.006). LFT, RFT, CBC, Total proteins, and electrolytes continued to be in the normal range after treatment, indicating the safety of the intervention. Conclusion: Asymptomatic and mild COVID-19 disease can be well managed by SSM - FiRe treatment, Further studies could be taken up to strengthen the findings.
ABSTRACT
COVID19 is the prime threat to the human race now. Currently the world faces Covid-19 out-break across all continents and it is characterized by its membrane proteins due to mutations. Siddha Medicine is one of the oldest medical system in the world which is believed to be originated more than 10,000 years ago which is prevalent in the ancient Tamil land. Siddha medicine classifies disease and disorders into 4448 types and has remedy for more than 64 types of fever. Among these Kabasura Kudineer and Thonthasura Kudineer are two siddha formulations used against fevers due to respiratory infections. The present study was carried out to evaluate these two formulations against COVID 19 using in silico docking methods. For that the active principles/phytocompounds from the ingredients of the formulations were docked against coronavirus spike glycoprotein trimmer (PDB ID: 3JCL) using iGEMDOCK software. 10 phytocompounds showed promising activity against COVID spike glycoprotein. This study showed that 10 phytocompounds which act as ligands to bind with viral proteins to prevent the binding of host receptors. Of these Cucurbitacin B (-112.09), Cardiofoliolide (-111.5), Apigenin (-98.84) and Pyrethrin (-92.98) were observed as more effective with less bind energies required for binding with spike proteins to prevent the fusion lead viral replication. Since Kabasura Kudineer contains more active phyto constituents, the higher activity was observed than Thontha sura Kudineer. The study demonstrated that Kabasura Kudineer could be a potential siddha medicine for COVID 19 provided further preclinical and clinical confirmatory studies.