ABSTRACT
This study analyse the impact of Covid-19 on Index returns of the Country. For this study four countries are taken including two developed countries i.e. USA and Germany, two developing countries i.e. India, China for the time period between 1st March - 30th October 2020. This time period reflects the first wave of covid-19 pandemic and how economy affected due to corona outbreaks on different countries. It also examines the impact of confirmed cases and recovers case on index return with the help of regression analysis. In routine data of confirmed cases and recovered case study analyse their impact on index returns and it was found that both the variables are having their impact on index returns of the particular Country. Overall, our study recommends that stock market is the most sensible market and due to that index returns of the particular country also affected highly in response to covid-19 infection. It may differ depending upon the time due to covid-19 outbreaks. Copyright © 2022 Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
Background: There are numerous studies indicating that COVID-19 pandemic has brought a great deal of pressure for medical fraternities, as medical teachers and students were busy saving lives. The mental health of these frontiers and medical education both suffered. Aims and Objectives: This study aims to determine the assessed pooled prevalence of depression among medical students of India by undertaking meta-analysis of published original research studies during pandemic. Materials and Methods: Researcher followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. Authors used terminologies such as depression, mental health, medical students, and India to search PubMed and Google Scholar databases for original articles published between January 2020 and March 2022 based on mental health of Indian medical students. Researcher had chosen only the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale 21 items based study to prevent false heterogenicity. Results: Out of 1471 screening, a total of six original research articles were included after screening for eligibility criteria involving 3248 medical students from different medical colleges of India. The median number of students was 541.33 (range, 181–2021). Meta-analysis of pooled prevalence assessment of depression among medical students in India by random effects model was 38% (confidence interval: 27–49%). Conclusion: Within study limitations, the high prevalence of depression was noted among medical students of India.
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Introduction: There are various researches for increased anxiety in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients and their relatives due to separation, but most of them are observational. Audio-video communication can be employed for communication between patients in rigorous isolation and their relatives. There were few researches available about the effectiveness of video calling on anxiety in COVID-19 patient. Gujarat lags considerably behind, according to bibliometric analysis of the India-based COVID-19 publication. Thus, the authors sought to conduct present study to evaluate that how video conferencing between COVID-19 patients in isolation and their relatives, affects anxiety. Aim: To determine the effect of standardised virtual communication on anxiety levels in relatives of COVID-19 intubated patient's. Materials and Methods: This prospective interventional study was conducted at a tertiary care centre, Gujarat Medical Education and Research Society Medical College and Hospital, Vadodara, Gujarat, India, from April 2021 to July 2021. Total 283 relatives of COVID-19 patient were recruited by purposive sampling. Virtual communication unit was set up, where relatives can communicate audio-visually with their patient and caregiver with help of video calling technology. Inside Intensive Care Unit (ICU), the caregivers (intern, doctors or nurses) wearing Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) kit handled the portable audio-visual screen and answered on behalf of the patient. The Hamilton anxiety scale was used to measure the anxiety of relatives before and after the communication. Paired t-test was used to statistically analyse the data. Level of significant p-value <0.05 was considered. Results: A total of 283 subjects with 178 males and 105 female relatives were enrolled in the study. As an effect of communication, the mild anxiety prevalence decreased from 69.71% to 46.27%, the moderate anxiety prevalence decreased from 4.93% to 3.81%, and 49.92% of relatives reported being anxiety-free after communication. Statistical analysis of the paired t-test of Hamilton anxiety score showed a drop in anxiety score after communication from 4.77 +/- 3.66 to 2.88 +/- 2.34 (p-value <0.001). Conclusion: Audio-visual technology is effective as a mode of communication and counselling during a pandemic to reduce anxiety in COVID-19 victim families.
ABSTRACT
The Sanskrit term Ayurveda has translated knowledge of life. It is one of the world's oldest healing systems that originated in eastern culture and it includes numerous medical concepts and it’s a hypothesis for treatment and prevention of disease. In ancient times near to 3000 years ago in India when there are no synthetic medicines was developed then people used Ayurvedic plants to get cures for different diseases. Ayurveda is based on a belief that health and wellness depend on a delicate balance of mind, body, and spirit. Ayurvedic herbs are key components of Ayurveda. COVID-19 is an infectious disease found in December 2019 and it has now become a pandemic. The COVID-19 infection is produced by virulent severe acute respiratory syndrome-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus although various antiviral drugs are available for controlling the infection but sometimes, they lack in supply for treating the worldwide population. So, it has become imperative to develop an effective medical strategy for the management of COVID-19 which has become a major threat to humanity. Herbs exhibit various biological activities so;they can effectively help with managing the pandemic. This review discussed some herbs which have the potential for the treatment of COVID-19.
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Introduction: The Reset, Restore & Recover initiative by the Royal College of Paediatricians (RCPCH), encouraged innovations which minimise exposure to and transmission of COVID-19. Objectives: We introduced a virtual surveillance initiative for Type 1 Diabetic (T1D) children in North West London. This consisted of integrating remote consultations with home HbA1c testing kits to optimise diabetic control. Methods: An initial telephone survey was conducted of 190 patients to ascertain preference for mode of remote testing.79/190 opted for drivethrough HbA1c testing and 106/190 for home testing kits. Home testing kits containing an instruction leaflet and sampling equipment were posted out to patients attending clinics virtually on 4 occasions over a period of 6months (December 2020-June 2021). The samples were sent to the hospital laboratory for testing via local GP practices with a result ready prior to the next Diabetes clinic appointment. During clinic appointments, parents were asked to provide qualitative feedback on the sampling process. Results: Out of 35 recruited patients,71.4% had a successfully reported HbA1c result in time for clinic appointment.28.6% of patients failed to receive a result in time for appointment. Within this cohort,30% of samples clotted,10% contained insufficient sample,10% were mis-labelled and 50% of samples were not received by the laboratory. Qualitative feedback highlighted challenges with the sampling process which prompted changes to the instruction leaflet and an alternate lancet device was provided in the packs. Conclusions: Our experience of using home testing kits was encouraging with a large proportion of patients successfully obtaining HbA1c results. This single method did not, however, work for all patients due to issues with obtaining enough blood and pain. For our large, diverse patient population, both home testing kits and drive-through point of care testing for HbA1c may need to be offered in order to continue with virtual consultations.
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The name “coronavirus” comes from the crown-like projections on their surfaces. “Corona” in Latin means “halo” or “crown”. Coronavirus is causing an outbreak that was first identified in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China. Since then, the virus has spread to nearly every country, leading the World Health Organization (WHO) to declare this as a pandemic. According to WHO, common signs include fever, cough, and respiratory difficulties. Serious cases can lead to pneumonia, kidney failure, and even death. Researchers believe that the viruses transmit via fluids in the respiratory system. Centre for Diseaase control and Prevention(CDC) recommends that all people wear masks in public places where it is difficult to maintain a 6-foot (2-meter) distance from others. Social distancing is advised as currently there are no drugs or other therapeutics approved by the US Food and Drug Administration(FDA) to prevent or treat COVID-19. Current clinical management includes infection prevention, control measures, and supportive care, including supplemental oxygen and mechanical ventilator support when indicated. However, hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine are under investigation in clinical trials for pre-exposure or post-exposure prophylaxis infection, and treatment of patients with COVID-19. Also, FDA has issued guidance for administering and studying the use of convalescent plasma therapy which aims at using antibodies from the blood of a recovered COVID-19 patient to treat those critically affected by the virus. People can take steps to prevent the spread of coronavirus and help protect themselves and others.
ABSTRACT
In this 21st century, the whole globe is facing the pandemic of Covid- 19. This infectious disease has extended its clutches over all the nations. This is a novel virus, which has no any definite treatment modality till date. Many nations have implemented Lockdown measures, to prevent and cut down the chain of spread of this infectious pandemic. On one hand, the medical fraternity is fighting with this disease and on the other hand, the scientists are tirelessly involved in the development of a definitive medicine or vaccination for the disease. The whole world is following the golden principle of ”Handwashing, Wearing masks and social distancing ”to prevent the spread of the disease. This is the time when the whole humanity is thriving hard to improve the overall immunity to safeguard them from this Pandemic. This article is focusing on an overall view of the pandemic - Covid-19, its origin, its manifestations, precautionary measures, treatment modalities used and preventive measures. Thus a wave of awareness can be generated among the common man regarding this global Pandemic.