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Covid-19 had changed the way we perceived our living environment. As people now spent more time inside, indoor quality especially in terms of environmental factors is considered important in future housing. It is not just one of the indicators for healthy housing, but also green housing. The purpose of this study is to investigate Indonesian's housing satisfaction and preferences towards indoor quality in terms of environmental factors in the context of the Covid-19 Pandemic. The environmental factors indicators used in this study were daylight, air, acoustic, view, and green space quality. This quantitative study used an online questionnaire to collect data. The data analysis compared mean values and gap differences of values for each indicator. The results showed residents were satisfied enough with almost all of the indicators in their current living environment during the pandemic. As for residents' preferences, daylight quality, air quality, and green space are the top priorities needed to be considered for their dream houses. As for gap differences, it was found that green space, air quality, and acoustic quality needed to be improved, as respondents' expectations are higher. Understanding housing satisfaction and preferences from the residents' perspectives in the context of Covid-19 pandemic is considered important, as their demand can motivate developers and other stakeholders to adopt healthy and green building practices. It is hoped that the results of this research can support the studies on future healthy and green housing, especially in terms of environmental factors quality.
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COVID-19 is associated with disseminated lung damage in patients, Dexamethasone can reduce lung injury caused by inflammation and there reduce the progression to respiratory failure and prevent death. This systematic review aimed to determine the benefits and safety of Dexamethasone in COVID-19 treatment. The study was performed by a comprehensive literature search which were published in several databases i.e., PubMed, Science Direct, VHL Regional Portal, and ClinicalTrials.gov within the search time of 28 November 2020. Inclusion criteria were articles on the study on COVID-19 patients who received Dexamethasone, observational and experimental studies on the outcomes use evaluation of Dexamethasone. Exclusion criteria are the articles that do not provide control in controlled studies and do not show clear research results on the use of Dexamethasone. An initial search from four databases by entering keywords resulted in 1,046 articles. After screening articles duplication we obtained 835 studies. Finally, 6 articles were obtained after we screened for the article that it can be obtained its full text and 5 articles joined in articles included in the meta-analysis. The analysis showed that Dexamethasone in Covid-19 patients could reduce the incidence of death within 28 days with RR of 0.78 (95% CI 0.57-0.97 P=0.13) compared with Methylprednisolone, Dexamethasone was compared without corticosteroids with RR 0.89 (95% CI 0.82-0.97 P=0.01). Dexamethasone also reduced mechanical ventilator use during treatment with RR 0.95 (95% CI = 0.86-1.05 P = 0.28) compared without corticosteroids. The conclusion from these results: the use of Dexamethasone can reduce the number of deaths in COVID-19 patients, especially severe and critically ill category patients.
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This study aims to analyze the Indonesian capital market reaction to the Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB) policy in Jakarta in 2020. The findings from this study can be used as a policy evaluation and as a reference to assess similar future policies to be implemented in Jakarta. Four event periods were used based on the number of times this policy was implemented in 2020. Using the event study approach and single index model method, this study used 568 companies listed on the IDX which are then divided into nine sectors. The results of this study showed that the Indo-nesian capital market reacted in different ways following the four periods of PSBB implementation in Jakarta. It was proven that there was no capital market reaction during the first period, a negative reaction for the second period, a positive reaction for the third period, and finally a negative reaction again for the fourth period.
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Background: Several vaccines have been approved against COVID-19, and five have been used in Indonesia. Due to the decrease in antibody levels three to six months after the second dose of CoronaVac, healthcare workers received the third booster of mRNA vaccine (mRNA-1273) to increase the antibody level. This study aimed to evaluate the risk factors of anti-S-RBD IgG levels differences in healthcare workers. Methods: This study is a retrospective cohort study of 576 healthcare workers without previous SARS-CoV-2 infection who received two doses of CoronaVac and the third dose of mRNA-1273 six months after the second dose. Blood samples were obtained 2nd, 6th, 12th, and 24th weeks after the second dose of CoronaVac vaccine administration, with mRNA-1273 booster on week 20. Quantitative measurements of IgG antibodies were performed with Elecsys Anti-SARS-CoV-2 S immunoassay. We identify the baseline factors predicting post-vaccination antibody titers using univariate and multivariate linear regression analysis. Results: This study comprised 576 participants aged 32 years old, 72.05% female, and 45.84% from high-risk occupation subgroups. The median antibodies titer level on the 2nd, 6th, 12th, and 24th weeks after the second vaccine dose administration were 40.99 u/mL, 42.01 u/mL, 54.78 u/mL, and 23,225 u/mL. Antibody levels trended highest in female and younger age group (20-29 years old). Conclusion: The third dose of vaccine increased the quantitative SARS-CoV-2 spike IgG antibody titers and eliminated differences in antibodies titer by gender. Keywords: Antibodies titer, COVID-19, Immune response, S-RBD IgG, Vaccine
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Purpose This paper examines the effect of lockdown on a firm's financial performance. The authors aim to fill in the debate over the corporate world's repercussions from governments' COVID-19 response. Therefore, it is imperative to understand what effect the lockdown policy has on firm financial performance. Design/methodology/approach The study data are cross-sectional, covering a sample of 246 listed firms in Indonesia. The lockdown policy and period data were retrieved from the Indonesian Ministry of Health COVID-19 special task force website. The authors' empirical model for performance specification is based on annual data, following a common performance function in economics and finance literature. In addition to controlling for the standard error and province effect, the authors also controlled the COVID-19 cases and the province effect. Findings The lockdown deteriorates the firm's profitability, but it is not up to making the firms at financial distress level. Simply put, lockdown erodes the profitability significantly, leading to declining performance;however, it does not mean the firms generate default. Research limitations/implications Several shortcomings in the authors' empirical setup need to be tackled for future research. For example, the study findings may limit the short-run effect but not the long-run effect (5-10 years after the pandemic). The findings also do not give room to justify that lockdown should not be imposed due to its deteriorating effect on the corporate world. Therefore, the authors leave this as a scope for future research. Originality/value This research is among the pioneer papers evaluating the effect of the government policy for mitigating the repercussions of COVID-19, and it reveals how this policy affects corporations.
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Introduction: Online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic escalates the risk of academic stress experienced by undergraduate students. Self-management and students' characteristics (gender, age, semester and program study type) can reduce the risk of academic stress. This study examines predictors of academic stress among undergraduate students in Yogyakarta Province during online learning period. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design, which included 847 randomly selected students from various academic programs at six universities in Yogyakarta Province. The study utilized a modified academic stress questionnaire based on the Scale for Assessing Academic Stress (SAAS) instrument and self-management questionnaire made by researchers based on theory. Multivariate logistic regression used for analyzing results. Results: A total of 84.7% of respondents experienced academic stress. The multivariate analysis concludes that gender, self-control and self-development are predictors of academic stress during online learning period. The probability model indicates that females with poor self-management on both components are 93.55% more likely to suffer academic stress. Conclusion: Female students require greater attention from their academic supervisors. Lecturers are expected to improve students' motivation and engagement. They also need to provide ample tasks to enhance understanding, allow sufficient time for assignment completion, and provide psychosocial support during online learning period. © 2022 UPM Press. All rights reserved.
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COVID19 has become one of the pandemic diseases that hit the world, including in Indonesia. Efforts to prevent the spread of this virus have been carried out, including by implementing health protocols, provide information services for the spread of the virus and emergency response, detection services for people suspected and infected with the virus and programs for preventing the spread of the virus and vaccination for all elements of society in Indonesia. This research focuses on the development of face mask detection system to detect the use of mask by people using deep learning method that focuses more on object detection. Face masked detection systems can be used to assist in monitoring compliance with the use of masks in public areas that have the potential to cause crowds so as to create a safe environment. The use of the Deep Learning method through the MobileNets V2 architecture was quite effective and gives an accuracy result in testing the classification training data of 0.99 at 10 epochs and has also been implemented in real-time direct testing. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.
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Background: Various efforts to prevent transmission, treatment, and handling of the Covid-19 virus, one of which is vaccination. Hoax news and vaccinations themselves cause anxiety in the community. Aims: This study aims to describe the anxiety experienced and the relationship between gender, age, ethnicity, and occupation with the level of anxiety facing the 1st dose of Covid-19 vaccination. Method: This is a quantitative correlational design with a cross-sectional. This research was conducted in Indonesia. The sampling technique used accidental sampling with 503 people. Research instruments were questionnaires that tested for validity (> rtable) and reliability (0.923). Bivariate analysis used Kolmogorov Smirnov and Chi-square. Results: Most of the respondents were female (75.1%), late adolescence (65.2%), Javanese (59.8%), medical personnel (51.7%), and mild anxiety (76.7.0%). The majority are afraid that something terrible will happen (35.59%). The bivariate test shows that gender, age, ethnicity, and occupation with anxiety when facing Covid-19 vaccination dose 1st, p = 0.031, p = 0.047, p = 0.342, and p = 0.023. Conclusions: There is no relationship between ethnicity and level of anxiety. Gender, age, and occupation significantly correlate with anxiety facing the 1st dose of Covid-19 vaccination. Handling of signs of anxiety that appears is needed so that the vaccination process runs successfully.
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This paper analyzes the stock market reaction towards the Covid-19 pandemic by using a sample of Indonesian listed firms. In general, we document a significant negative cumulative abnormal returns when the Indonesian President announces the first case of Covid-19 in Indonesia. This effect remains ten days (weaker) after the announcement. However, we only find a short-term effect on the finance industry. While the explanation is still unclear, the investors may observe that the economic impact on the finance industry may arise in the long-run.
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The existence of the COVID-19 pandemic worldwide has resulted in the implementation of learning changing from offline to online learning. Likewise, the performance of learning at SMA Lab UM is carried out online. Mathematics learning, which has been difficult for the average high school student, is also conducted online. Take online exams for all subjects at Lab High School using the application ThatQuiz. The validity and reliability of the mathematics subject test instrument applied to ThatQuiz need to be known. It is beneficial for the preparation of a better test instrument. In this article, measuring the mathematical test instrument's validity and reliability used Rasch modeling with Winteps software. Respondents were 67 students of grade 11 for mathematics as many as 25 questions with a choice of answers. This software's output statistical summary produces person reliability=0.55, Cronbach Alpha 0.63, and reliability items of 0.91. Of these three things, the consistency of student answers is weak, the interaction between students and the overall question items is sufficient, and the quality of the items is good. The construct validity was analyzed based on the correlation of person measure and outfit and MNSQ infit. It was obtained that the MNSQ infit value was between 0.83 and 1.29. At the same time, the MNSQ outfit values range between 0.80 and 3.35. Knowledge of measuring the validity and reliability of a test instrument is needed by the teacher to improve students' quality of the test instrument. © 2021 Author(s).
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A paradigm shift in learning activity during this pandemic era occurred from face-to-face learning into an online learning, but teachers had to follow the basic principle of accountable assessment persistenly. The Covid-19 pandemic era is a precise momentum to optimalize an authentic assessment through a workshop to develop the biology teacher's professional competency. This was qualitative research, with 42 Blitar teacher's assembly (MGMP) member from 19 senior high schools as participants. In this research, interviews and online questionnaires used google form, Focus Group Discussion through Google Meet and document analysis. The research started from December 2019 to August 2020. It used triangulation data sources validity technique. Data analysis consist of three activity namely: data reduction, data presentation and conclusion. The research finding indicated that in general teachers had not implemented rubric instrument, therefore it is needed to be optimalized through an online-based authentic assessment with a rubric as a strategy during pandemic era rather than using check list and scoring scale. Rubric could give effective feedback since it had description which the criteria should be achieved. The second finding indicated that teachers had not develop Teachers showed positive response upon this workshop since they had experience in developing a rubric with the supervision from lecturer in institution of education and teacher workforce (LPTK). © 2021 Author(s).